Sooknoi, Tawan

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Surface-Engineered Ru–Graphene Mesosponge Catalysts for pH-Universal and Seawater Hydrogen Evolution
(2026-06-17)
Sornnoei, Nichakarn
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Samantarkun, Naruewan
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Saisopa, Thanit
;
Chavalekvirat, Panwad
;
Iamprasertkun, Pawin
Efficient green hydrogen production from diverse water sources demands excellent catalysts that combine high activity, durability, and pH universality. Herein, we present a surface-engineered graphene mesosponge (GMS) uniformly decorated with ruthenium (Ru) nanoclusters as a robust electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The hierarchical GMS structure offers exceptional conductivity and mesoporosity, enabling nanoscale Ru dispersion and strong interfacial coupling. The obtained synergy of Ru50/GMS (optimized Ru deposition) delivers outstanding HER performance across pH range conditions, which provides overpotentials of ∼0.13 V and ∼0.061 V in acidic and alkaline electrolytes, respectively, close to those of the Pt electrode. Interestingly, Ru50/GMS achieves 10 mA cm–2 at only ∼0.39 V in neutral seawater, demonstrating robust operation under harsh, chloride-rich conditions. This performance is nearly 3-fold higher than that of pristine GMS, while sustaining accelerated kinetics and enhanced charge buffering. This is due to electronic modulation at the Ru–graphene interface via topological defects, which substantially optimized hydrogen adsorption and desorption, underpinning rapid reaction pathways. Furthermore, long-term operations confirm structural integrity and negligible catalyst degradation after 5000 cycles and 24 h at ultrahigh current density (−208 ± 10 mA cm–2), highlighting catalyst resilience for practical conditions. Therefore, this work demonstrates a scalable strategy for designing Ru-based catalysts on porous graphene supports, offering a compelling route for efficient, seawater-compatible green hydrogen production.
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Nano-engineering from Single Atoms to Gold Nanoclusters Anchored on MoS2Nanosheets for an Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
(2025-09-05)
Sornnoei, Nichakarn
;
Jitapunkul, Kulpavee
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Chavalekvirat, Panwad
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Lawtrakul, Luckhana
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Iamprasertkun, Pawin
Two-dimensional (2D) materials offer a versatile platform for catalyst-based applications. Decorating with single atoms and nanocluster engineering to increase the active sites can enhance the catalytic performance while minimizing the noble metal usage. Herein, we unveil the mechanism for an enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) when a gold nanocluster anchored on MoS<inf>2</inf>nanosheets (MoS<inf>2</inf>/Au) is employed as an efficient electrocatalyst. By precisely tuning Au loading via electrodeposition (2–100 cycles), MoS<inf>2</inf>/Au-50 provides outstanding HER, exhibiting an ultralow overpotential of −184 mV (vs RHE) at 10 mA cm–2with a low Tafel slope of ∼89 mV/dec and minimal charge transfer resistance, outperforming previously reported MoS<inf>2</inf>/Au catalysts. The enhancement is driven by electron transfer at the Au–MoS<inf>2</inf>interface, which tailors the electronic structure toward more n-type conductivity, facilitating efficient HER kinetics. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals progressive shifts in the binding energies with an increase in gold deposition, as confirmed by density functional theory calculations, providing optimized bond energies. Moreover, MoS<inf>2</inf>/Au-50 also demonstrates remarkable catalytic stability at ultrahigh current density (>100 mA cm–2) for over 24 h, underscoring the potential of precision-engineered noble metal nanoclusters on 2D materials as scalable electrocatalysts for sustainable green hydrogen production.
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Biomass-Based Synthesis of Tunable Photoactive Bimetallic Nanoparticles for Antibacterial and Catalytic Applications
(2025-09-12)
Jaroensin, Punsachon
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Nunsap, Janistar
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Khuanchom, Vipada
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Hararak, Bongkot
;
Lueangjaroenkit, Piyangkun
The green synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles has gained increasing attention due to cost-effectiveness and environmental friendliness. This research aims to develop an efficient method to synthesize lignin-capped gold–silver nanoparticles (Li-GS NPs). Lignin has recently been reported to function both as a reducing agent and as a capping agent in the synthesis of metal nanoparticles. These Li-GS NPs were successfully synthesized via galvanic replacement by using lignin-capped silver nanoparticles (Li-Ag NPs) as a precursor. Lignin extracted from various sources, bagasse (BG), pararubber woodchip (PRW), and palm kernel shells (PKS) were used to investigate the effect of different functional group compositions on the nanoparticle formation. Li-Ag NPs were uniformly synthesized and transformed into well-dispersed Li-GS NPs via galvanic replacement with KAuCl<inf>4</inf>, as indicated by an LSPR shift from 420 nm to 550–600 nm. Li-Ag NPs ranged from 8 nm to 28 nm, while Li-GS NPs exhibited a broader size distribution, reflecting gold-induced growth and morphological variation. Li-GS NPs demonstrated stronger antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, with Ag contributing significantly to bactericidal effects. Additionally, Li-GS NPs exhibited high catalytic efficiency in 4-nitrophenol reduction, completing the reaction within 1 min. Importantly, using lignin as both a reducing and a stabilizing agent is expected to significantly reduce costs and minimize the use of hazardous chemicals.
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Sooknoi, Tawan

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