Rungjindamai, Nattawut

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Unravelling the hidden diversity of cave mycobiota in Thailand’s Satun Geopark
(2023-12-01)
Suetrong, Satinee
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Preedanon, Sita
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Kobmoo, Noppol
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Srihom, Charisa
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Somrithipol, Sayanh
Karst caves are distinctive ecosystems that have limited nutrients, darkness, low to moderate temperatures, and high moisture levels, which allow for a diverse range of fungal communities to thrive. Despite their significance, little is understood about the fungi found in karst caves in Thailand. In 2019, we studied the cultured mycobiota from five substrate types (air, water, rock, soil/sediment, and organic debris) in two karst caves (Le Stegodon and Phu Pha Phet Caves) of the Satun UNESCO Global Geopark, southern Thailand. A cumulative count of 829 distinct fungal morphological types was identified, encompassing 319 fungal culturable were observed. Based on preliminary analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence using BLAST searches, the most common phylum among the fungal morphotypes was Ascomycota, harboring 282 species in 91 genera, 93.4% of which were distributed in the classes Eurotiomycetes, Sordariomycetes, and Dothideomycetes. The most common fungal genera identified in the two karst caves were Aspergillus, Penicillium, Cladosporium, Talaromyces, Xylaria, and Trichoderma, with 45, 41, 24, 14, 14, and 6 species identified, respectively. Discovering fungi in Thai karst caves highlights the extensive fungal diversity in the Satun UNESCO Global Geopark, implying undiscovered species, and emphasizing the need for comprehensive investigations in other unexplored Thai karst caves.
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Schizophyllan Optimization and Production in Submerged Cultures of Different Schizophyllum commune Isolates Collected in Thailand
(2026-05-01)
Chaimongkol, Soravit
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Yingkulchao, Wittayothin
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Rungjindamai, Nattawut
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Toan, Nguyen Tai
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Werapan, Borworn
Twenty strains of Schizophyllum commune from the BIOTEC culture collection were selected for this study. S. commune is characterized by white to gray fan-shaped caps with lobed margins and distinctive split gills. Phylogenetic analysis of combined LSU rDNA and ITS rDNA sequences data using maximum parsimony placed the fungi in a strongly supported clade with S. commune. All strains were primarily screened for exopolysaccharide (EPS) and biomass production using potato dextrose broth (PDB) and peptone yeast glucose medium (PYGM) in 250 mL flasks shaken at 200 rpm for 7 days. The results revealed three strains with high EPS production, each exceeding 2.3 g/L, namely MMCR00487, MMCR00474 and MMCR00256. These strains were selected for media optimization using a Plackett–Burman design. Among them, MMCR00256 exhibited the highest EPS yield of 8.34 ± 1.47 g/L, followed by MMCR00487 and MMCR00474. Therefore, the strain MMCR00256 was further optimized by central composite design. The results revealed that the optimized medium for MMCR00256 increased the production of EPS to 10.39 ± 1.69 g/L, with a biomass yield of 26.28 ± 1.63 g/L (395 mg/g). The 5 L bioreactor optimization tested two inoculum types (mycelial and pellet) and two media (CCD and estimated) using strain MMCR00256. The mycelial inoculum grown in the estimated medium produced the highest EPS yield of 8.37 ± 0.26 g/L after 3 days, with 13.56 ± 2.94 g/L biomass. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that S. commune MMCR00256, when cultivated using the estimated medium and mycelial inoculum, can achieve enhanced exopolysaccharide production with improved efficiency, highlighting its significant potential for the development of efficient and scalable schizophyllan production processes at the industrial scale. Furthermore, this study provides essential insights into the cultivation and optimization of schizophyllan in S. commune.
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Fabrication of mycelium (oyster mushroom)-based composites derived from spent coffee grounds with pineapple fibre reinforcement
(2024-01-01)
Kohphaisansombat, Chatchai
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Jongpipitaporn, Yanisa
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Laoratanakul, Pitak
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Tantipaibulvut, Sukon
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Euanorasetr, Jirayut
Mycelium-based composites (MBCs) are eco-friendly materials made by combining mushroom mycelia with lignocellulosic biomass, offering diverse applications such as packaging and construction. The specific characteristics of MBCs can be significantly influenced by the choice of substrates and reinforcing materials during myco-fabrication. This study aims to improve MBCs sourced from Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom) using spent coffee grounds (SCGs) as the main substrate, combined with natural pineapple fibres (NPFs). NPFs are incorporated to SCGs in different proportions (10% to 30%) to explore their potential in improving the material properties of MBCs. The findings demonstrate that the mechanical properties of MBCs, as well as the physical and chemical properties, can be altered by manipulating the proportion of NPFs. The MBCs reinforced with 10% NPFs exhibit the highest density and compressive strength, while the MBC with 30% NPFs outperforms others in terms of bending strength, water absorption, swelling, and sound absorption. Furthermore, a fire resistance test affirms the non-combustible properties of the MBC made of SCGs and NPFs, thereby demonstrating its safety features. These MBCs, made from oyster mushroom, embody a hopeful substitute for product creation and production in relation to practical usage, eco-friendly manufacturing techniques, and recyclability throughout its lifecycle.

Rungjindamai, Nattawut

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