Physicochemical properties and oxidative stability of oils from samrong (Sterculia foetida) seed

Abstract

Samrong seed kernel consisted of 5.91 ± 0.12% moisture, 2.80 ± 0.17% ash, 46.09 ±0.44% oil, 11.68 ±0.16% protein and 33.52 ±0.07% carbohydrate. The crude oil was extracted from samrong seed kernel using cold hexane as solvent. The oil from samrong seed kernel contained 27.32% saturated fatty acid (SFA), 5.30% monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and 55.95% poly-unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). Gamma-linolenic acid (47.80%) was the dominant fatty acid, followed by palmitic acid (16.49%) and steric acid (10.45%). The physicochemical properties including color, viscosity, tocopherol content, total phenolic content, acid value, free fatty acid, peroxide value (PV), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and ρ-anisidine value of kernel oil were determined. When kernel oil was stored at 30°C for 48 days, the oxidative stability of kernel oil was also examined. The kernel oil had the increase in PV and TBARS within the first 36 days of storage (P < 0.05). Subsequently, a decrease in PV and TBARS were noticeable up to day 48 (P < 0.05). Oil from samrong seed kernel showed high quality and oxidative stability during storage. Thus, samrong seed kernel could be used as a potential source of edible oil for use in the food industrial.