An HSC/battery energy storage system-based regenerative braking system control mechanism for battery electric vehicles

Abstract

This paper proposes a novel hybrid energy storage system (HESS) for the regenerative braking system (RBS) of the front-wheel induction motor-driven battery electric vehicle. The HESS is an amalgamation of multiple hybrid supercapacitors (HSCs) and lithium-ion battery cells. An artificial neural network (ANN)-based RBS control mechanism was used to optimize the switching scheme of the RBS's three-phase inverter and the vehicular breaking force distribution. In the regenerative braking mode, the ANN-based HSC/battery RBS transferred the braking energy to be stored in the HSC and, upon reaching the HSC's maximum safety threshold, then to the battery. In addition, the RBS control mechanism could achieve uniform braking force distribution between the front and rear wheels of the vehicle. Furthermore, our findings revealed that the experimental HSC/battery RBS program enhanced the harvesting of the regenerative braking energy, as was evident from the longer driving distance vis-à-vis that of the battery-only vehicle. The HSC/battery RBS also contributed to improved vehicle acceleration and an extended battery life. © 2018 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.