Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles induced callus induction and plant regeneration of indica rice cultivars (suphanburi1 and suphanburi90)

Abstract

Efficient plant regeneration systems are useful for indica rice using micropropagation and/or genetic transformation. Nanomaterials provide applications and opportunities in various fields of life science and agriculture technology. In this research, indica rice cultivars ‘Suphanburi1’ and ‘Suphanburi90’ (Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica) were used to investigate. Seeds were examined to evaluate callus induction and plant regeneration frequency. Culture of sterilized-seeds on callus induction medium supplemented with 50 mg L-1 of TiO2 nanoparticles induced a high frequency of callus induction and content of biomass accumulation. Embryogenic calli were transferred to plant regeneration medium supplemented with 10-50 mg L-1 TiO2 nanoparticles. The highest frequency of plant regeneration and the ratio of the number of seedlings to the number of regenerated calli were produced on plant regeneration medium supplemented with 40 mg L-1 of TiO2 nanoparticles. The regenerated shoots induced roots on NB medium without plant growth regulators and the plantlets were established in soil. The results may be used for nanomaterial applications of rice and/or other plants for its further improvement.