Optimal Design of Cooling Rooms for Mackerel Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

Abstract

This study utilises computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to investigate airflow and temperature distributions in cold storage environments equipped with various fan and duct configurations. It assesses the effectiveness of single and dual evaporator fans (mounted at both front and rear) and front-and rear-positioned air ducts in enhancing air circulation and thermal uniformity. Results indicate that single rear-mounted fans promote localised airflow but lead to thermal stratification and stagnant zones, while front-mounted fans struggle to circulate air effectively towards the rear. Rear-positioned ducts improve air distribution but require further optimisation to address residual stratification. Dual rear-mounted evaporator fans deliver the most consistent cooling, minimising temperature variation and reducing compressor load, thus improving energy efficiency. Although dual front-mounted fans enhance circulation, they still exhibit thermal inconsistencies. The study also underscores the importance of measuring fan outlet velocity to ensure stable environmental conditions. Overall, the findings emphasise the necessity of optimised airflow strategies, appropriate fan placement, and ongoing system monitoring to achieve uniform cooling and preserve the quality of temperature-sensitive products in cold storage applications.