Induction of calluses from petal of three chrysanthemum cultivars in vitro

Abstract

Propagation and breeding of chrysanthemum can be done via petal tissue culture technique. Since it has been well known that plant growth regulator has a rather wide range of physiological effects on diverse plant genetic resources, such effects were thus determined in petal induced callus of three chrysanthemum cultivars, i.e., ‘Pingpong Golden’, ‘Scarlet’ and ‘Karaked’. Chrysanthemum petals were detached from the plants of the three cultivars as mentioned then cultured on MS medium containing different formulas of plant growth regulators, i.e., 2 mg L-1 BA + 0.5 mg L-1 NAA; 2 mg L-1 BA + 1 mg L-1 2,4-D; 1 mg L-1 BA + 1 mg L-1 2,4-D + 1 mg L-1 Kinetin and 2 mg L-1 NAA + 4 mg L-1 Kinetin, as treatment 1-4, respectively. The cultures were put under white LED light (PPFD 40 µmol m-2 s-1) 16 h day-1 at 25±3°C for 12 weeks. The results showed that ‘Karaked’ exhibited the shortest callus induction period of 6-12 days and the highest fresh weight of callus growth (2.03-0.05 g) when cultured on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg L-1 BA + 1 mg L-1 2,4-D + 1 mg L-1 Kinetin. The callus ‘Scarlet’ performed highest chlorophyll content (chl a 98.59 mg g-1 FW, chl b 44.72 mg g-1 FW and carotenoid 24.26 mg g-1 FW) whereas compact callus with highest number of 4 shoots explant-1 were obtained in ‘Scarlet’ cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2 mg L-1 NAA + 4 mg L-1 Kinetin.