Wongkaewkhiaw, Saharut

Preferred name

Main Affiliation

School of Dentistry

saharut.wo@kmitl.ac.th

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Oil-in-water nanoemulsion-based ethyl lauroyl arginate nanoparticles exhibit potent antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against oral pathogens
(2026-04-23)
Wongkaewkhiaw, Saharut
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Pairojana, Tanita
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Chansiri, Sirirat
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Tsao, Stephany
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Panmekiate, Soontra
Background. Dental biofilm is a key etiological factor in oral diseases such as dental caries and periodontal disease, and has also been linked to systemic health complications. In this study, ethyl lauroyl arginate nanoparticles (ELANPs) were formulated using an oil-in-water nanoemulsion system to investigate their antibiofilm capacity and cellular cytotoxicity in vitro. Methods. The morphology of ELANPs was examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential were evaluated to assess nanoparticle stability over time. Biofilm matrix reduction was analyzed using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and cytotoxicity was assessed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Results. ELANPs displayed a spherical morphology with an average diameter of 84.3 ± 2.6 nm. The zeta potential was 46.7 ± 4.6 mV, and the PDI was 0.18 ± 0.01, indicating good colloidal uniformity and stable nanosuspensions. Slight changes in physicochemical properties were observed at days 14 and 30, and overall stability was maintained. ELANPs significantly reduced the biofilm matrix across all tested oral pathogens while maintaining low cytotoxicity toward normal human gingival fibroblasts. Conclusion. The findings indicate that ELANPs are physicochemically stable, capable of inhibiting oral biofilm formation, and exhibit minimal cytotoxicity, supporting their potential as a safe and effective oral healthcare agent.
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Dual-function antimicrobial-antibiofilm peptide hybrid to tackle biofilm-forming Staphylococcus epidermidis
(2024-12-01)
Wongchai, Mathira
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Wongkaewkhiaw, Saharut
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Kanthawong, Sakawrat
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Roytrakul, Sittiruk
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Aunpad, Ratchaneewan
Background: Due to their resistance and difficulty in treatment, biofilm-associated infections are problematic among hospitalized patients globally and account for 60% of all bacterial infections in humans. Antibiofilm peptides have recently emerged as an alternative treatment since they can be effectively designed and exert a different mode of biofilm inhibition and eradication. Methods: A novel antibiofilm peptide, BiF, was designed from the conserved sequence of 18 α-helical antibiofilm peptides by template-assisted technique and its activity was improved by hybridization with a lipid binding motif (KILRR). Novel antibiofilm peptide derivatives were modified by substituting hydrophobic amino acids at positions 5 or 7, and both, with positively charged lysines (L5K, L7K). These peptide derivatives were tested for antibiofilm and antimicrobial activities against biofilm-forming Staphylococcus epidermidis and multiple other microbes using crystal violet and broth microdilution assays, respectively. To assess their impact on mammalian cells, the toxicity of peptides was determined through hemolysis and cytotoxicity assays. The stability of candidate peptide, BiF2_5K7K, was assessed in human serum and its secondary structure in bacterial membrane-like environments was analyzed using circular dichroism. The action of BiF2_5K7K on planktonic S. epidermidis and its effect on biofilm cell viability were assessed via viable counting assays. Its biofilm inhibition mechanism was investigated through confocal laser scanning microscopy and transcription analysis. Additionally, its ability to eradicate mature biofilms was examined using colony counting. Finally, a preliminary evaluation involved coating a catheter with BiF2_5K7K to assess its preventive efficacy against S. epidermidis biofilm formation on the catheter and its surrounding area. Results: BiF2_5K7K, the modified antibiofilm peptide, exhibited dose-dependent antibiofilm activity against S. epidermidis. It inhibited biofilm formation at subinhibitory concentrations by altering S. epidermidis extracellular polysaccharide production and quorum-sensing gene expression. Additionally, it exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and no significant hemolysis or toxicity against mammalian cell lines was observed. Its activity is retained when exposed to human serum. In bacterial membrane-like environments, this peptide formed an α-helix amphipathic structure. Within 4 h, a reduction in the number of S. epidermidis colonies was observed, demonstrating the fast action of this peptide. As a preliminary test, a BiF2_5K7K-coated catheter was able to prevent the development of S. epidermidis biofilm both on the catheter surface and in its surrounding area. Conclusions: Due to the safety and effectiveness of BiF2_5K7K, we suggest that this peptide be further developed to combat biofilm infections, particularly those of biofilm-forming S. epidermidis.
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Cholesterol-lowering effects of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Musa sapientum Linn.
(2022-09-01)
Rattanachak, Nontaporn
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Nualsri, Chatchawin
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Nittayasut, Naiyaphat
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Srisayam, Montra
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Chodnakarin, Arunluk
Hypercholesterolemia is generally recognised as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Musa sapientum Linn. or Kluai Namwa (banana; ABB genome type) provides a functional nutrient in health promotion products and is a source of various probiotics. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from several sources are reported with cholesterol-lowering potential. However, the effects of LAB isolated from bananas on total cholesterol are still unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate the cholesterol-removing ability of 5 LAB strains isolated from raw M. sapientum. All tested strains show a cholesterol-lowering property in species-and strain-dependent manner, with Weissella paramesenteroides NR27 being the most effective probiotic in reducing cholesterol concentration (P < 0.001). The removal of cholesterol by LAB is partially due to the production of bile salt hydrolase. All tested isolates exhibit more than 75% and 50% survival rates after challenging with simulated gastric and intestinal fluids respectively. Of these, W. paramesenteroides NR27 has a significantly higher survival rate (80%) in gastrointestinal conditions (P < 0.001), compared with all tested strains. In addition, antibiotic-resistant genes are not present in all drugs tested on this isolate. Therefore, W. paramesenteroides NR27 could be a promising probiotic candidate for reducing total cholesterol.
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Cymbopogon citratus L. essential oil as a potential anti-biofilm agent active against antibiotic-resistant bacteria isolated from chronic rhinosinusitis patients
(2024-01-01)
Khosakueng, Mintra
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Taweechaisupapong, Suwimol
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Boonyanugomol, Wongwarut
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Prapatpong, Pornpan
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Wongkaewkhiaw, Saharut
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is long-term inflammation of the sinuses that can be caused by infection due to antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Biofilm developed by microbes is postulated to cause antibiotic treatment failure. Thus, the anti-biofilm activities of seven Thai herbal essential oils (EOs) against antibiotic-resistant bacteria isolated from CRS patients was investigated. Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus L.) EO showed the most effective antibiofilm activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus epidermidis grown as biofilm. GC-MS analysis found that myrcene was the major bioactive compound. Pretreatment with lemongrass EO significantly inhibited biofilm formation of all bacterial strains in more than 50% of cases. Furthermore, confocal microscopy analysis revealed the biofilm-disrupting activity of lemongrass EO against the biofilm matrix of all these bacterial species and also increased P. aeruginosa swarming motility with no toxicity to human cells. These results suggest that lemongrass EO has promising clinical applications as an anti-biofilm agent for CRS patients.
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Vitamin D (1α,25(OH)2D3) supplementation minimized multinucleated giant cells formation and inflammatory response during Burkholderia pseudomallei infection in human lung epithelial cells
(2023-02-01)
Mattrasongkram, Pohnratchada
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Wongkaewkhiaw, Saharut
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Taweechaisupapong, Suwimol
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Chareonsudjai, Sorujsiri
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Techawiwattanaboon, Teerasit
Melioidosis is an infectious disease with high mortality rates in human, caused by the bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei. As an intracellular pathogen, B. pseudomallei can escape from the phagosome and induce multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs) formation resulting in antibiotic resistance and immune evasion. A novel strategy to modulate host response against B. pseudomallei pathogenesis is required. In this study, an active metabolite of vitamin D<inf>3</inf> (1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D<inf>3</inf> or 1α,25(OH)<inf>2</inf>D<inf>3</inf>) was selected to interrupt pathogenesis of B. pseudomallei in a human lung epithelium cell line, A549. The results demonstrated that pretreatment with 10−6 M 1α,25(OH)<inf>2</inf>D<inf>3</inf> could reduce B. pseudomallei internalization to A549 cells at 4 h post infection (P < 0.05). Interestingly, the presence of 1α,25(OH)<inf>2</inf>D<inf>3</inf> gradually reduced MNGC formation at 8, 10 and 12 h compared to that of the untreated cells (P < 0.05). Furthermore, pretreatment with 10−6 M 1α,25(OH)<inf>2</inf>D<inf>3</inf> considerably increased hCAP-18/LL-37 mRNA expression (P < 0.001). Additionally, pro-inflammatory cytokines, including MIF, PAI-1, IL-18, CXCL1, CXCL12 and IL-8, were statistically decreased (P < 0.05) in 10−6 M 1α,25(OH)<inf>2</inf>D<inf>3</inf>-pretreated A549 cells by 12 h post-infection. Taken together, this study indicates that pretreatment with 10−6 M 1α,25(OH)<inf>2</inf>D<inf>3</inf> has the potential to reduce the internalization of B. pseudomallei into host cells, decrease MNGC formation and modulate host response during B. pseudomallei infection by minimizing the excessive inflammatory response. Therefore, 1α,25(OH)<inf>2</inf>D<inf>3</inf> supplement may provide an effective supportive treatment for melioidosis patients to combat B. pseudomallei infection and reduce inflammation in these patients.

Wongkaewkhiaw, Saharut

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