A Situation and Temporal Behaviors of Air Pollution by ARIMA Model: A Case Study of Chiang Mai

Abstract

The persistent issue of haze has become a paramount concern in various regions, impacting air quality, human health, and overall environmental well-being. This study focuses on the case of Chiang Mai, a city prone to recurrent haze times. This research reviews haze situation and its temporal behaviors to propose successive opportunities for effectively addressing the haze problem in Chiang Mai, encompassing both short-term mitigation measures and long-term sustainable strategies by applying haze data from 1996 to 2022 derived from Yupparaj school ground-based station recorded by Pollution Control Department (PCD) for analyzing the ARIMA statistics. According to the study's findings, the daily averages of PM10 and PM2.5 move greatly from January to April. There is a minor change in the daily average carbon monoxide (CO) between January and April. Although short-term projections in light of the area's pollution levels, it may be indicated that PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, and O3 will likely increase, regarding the local pollution's changing behavior. When compared to other working days and weekends, it was discovered that the average CO values were significantly different at the 0.01 level, with Friday having the highest average CO emissions. Consideringly the timing, it was discovered that the CO2 levels were at their highest during rush hour, peaking in the evening and then the morning and noon periods, respectively. These characteristics indicate that measures taken to address this problem should concentrate on operating at a time that is relevant to the time the air pollution arises as well as the influences reducing and mitigating the level of air pollution greatest efficiency.