Enhancing QKD via Multi-Photon-Lane Systems With a Card-Shuffling-Based Approach

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dc.contributor.authorChaiyasoonthorn, Sawatsakorn
dc.contributor.authorYouplao, Pirada
dc.contributor.authorYouplao, Phichai
dc.contributor.authorSarapat, Napatsakon
dc.contributor.authorMitatha, Somsak
dc.date.accessioned2026-08-06T10:48:22Z
dc.date.available2026-08-06T10:48:22Z
dc.date.issued2025-01-01
dc.description.abstractThis paper introduces a modified quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol based on card-shuffling, designed to enhance security against eavesdropper photon number splitting (PNS) strategies. The proposed technique accommodates light pulses with few photons, substantially augmenting the effectiveness and reliability of QKD. It can be implemented as multi-photon-lane systems, enabling concurrent key distribution to multiple users or amalgamation of key data to amplify individual use r key rates. The study assesses the proposed technique utilizing three well-established polarization-encrypted QKD protocols, BB84, B92, and SSP99, and simulations utilizing 4-photon lane systems with wavelengths of 800 nm, 1300 nm, and 1550 nm. The findings, encompassing correlations such as useful key rate, maximum key distribution distance, quantum bit error rate, and photon number probability, are analyzed and compared under different conditions. The outcomes reveal that combining the technique with BB84-based systems employing 1300 nm light pulses and a photon number probability of 1.0 attains a maximum QKD effectiveness of 12.34 Gbit-km/s. Moreover, the effectiveness can be increased to 49.36 Gbit-km/s by implementing the proposed 4-photon-lane system as the serial key-combining scheme. The potential of using multi-photon-lane implementations alongside the proposed technique to enhance the effectiveness and reliability of QKD is theoretically investigated and discussed.
dc.identifier.citationIEEE Transactions on Communications, 73(5), 2980-2995, 2025
dc.identifier.doi10.1109/TCOMM.2024.3483047
dc.identifier.issn00906778
dc.identifier.other2-s2.0-85207440557
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.kmitl.ac.th/handle/123456789/16223
dc.sourceIEEE Transactions on Communications
dc.subjectcryptography
dc.subjectdata security
dc.subjectnetwork reliability
dc.subjectOptical communication
dc.subjectphoton beams
dc.titleEnhancing QKD via Multi-Photon-Lane Systems With a Card-Shuffling-Based Approach
dc.typeArticle

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