A Nanopower EEG Low-Pass Filter Using Current-Sharing Vertical Differential Pairs

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dc.contributor.authorPawarangkoon, Prajuab
dc.contributor.authorAhmad, Rafidah
dc.contributor.authorAbdullah Zawawi, Ruhaifi
dc.contributor.authorAbd Manaf, Asrulnizam
dc.contributor.authorSurakampontorn, Wanlop
dc.contributor.authorThanapitak, Surachoke
dc.date.accessioned2026-08-06T10:48:03Z
dc.date.available2026-08-06T10:48:03Z
dc.date.issued2025-01-01
dc.description.abstractA follower-based g<inf>m</inf> - C low-pass filter that employs CMOS vertical source-couple-pair (VSCP) transconductors is proposed for practical use in EEG acquisition systems. The VSCP transconductor operates as a g<inf>m</inf> cell with current sharing and linearity enhancement features. It is applied in the first- and second-order g<inf>m</inf> - C sections cascaded to form a third-order low-pass filter targeting a 150-Hz bandwidth. To mitigate the effects of biasing current source mismatch, dynamic element matching (DEM) is optionally applied to the relevant biasing current source pairs, resulting in second harmonic distortion (HD2) and noise suppression. Implemented in a 0.18-µm process, the proposed filter consumes 16.3-nW power from a 1.2-V supply. Thanks to the DEM and VSCPs, the filter achieves a 150-mV<inf>P</inf> linear input range [measured at 1% total harmonic distortion (THD)], whereas the input-referred noise of 43 µV<inf>rms</inf> is obtained leading to a filter dynamic range (DR) of 65.15 dB. Overall performance comparisons with other recent nanopower filters indicate that the figure of merit (FoM) of this proposed filter is comparable, while the linear input range is larger.
dc.identifier.citationIEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration VLSI Systems, 33(6), 1530-1540, 2025
dc.identifier.doi10.1109/TVLSI.2025.3540116
dc.identifier.issn10638210
dc.identifier.other2-s2.0-85218901541
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.kmitl.ac.th/handle/123456789/16147
dc.sourceIEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration VLSI Systems
dc.subjectBiopotential acquisition
dc.subjectEEG
dc.subjectnanopower
dc.subjectsource-follower filter
dc.titleA Nanopower EEG Low-Pass Filter Using Current-Sharing Vertical Differential Pairs
dc.typeArticle

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