0.5 V Current-Mode Low-Pass Filter Based on Voltage Second Generation Current Conveyor for Bio-Sensor Applications

Abstract

This paper presents a low-voltage low-power current-mode third-order low-pass filter (LPF) based on voltage second generation current conveyor (VCII). The VCII utilizes the bulk-driven MOS transistor technique to achieve a wide input voltage range at low supply voltage of 0.5 V. Also, the VCII operates in the subthreshold region to achieve nano-power consumption of 390 nW. A third-order low-pass filter that is presented as an application of the VCII can operate as both current- and transimpedance-mode filters. The filter consumes 2.73 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{W}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and the total harmonic distortion (THD) is below 1 % for sine-wave input signal below 350 nA <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">pp</sub> @ 10 Hz. The post-layout simulation results based on TSMC 0.18 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> CMOS process are presented and confirms the futures of the filter.