Effect of Citric Acid Concentration on the Transformation of Aragonite CaCO3 to Calcium Citrate Using Cockle Shells as a Green Calcium Source

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dc.contributor.authorPantita Chanwetprasat
dc.contributor.authorChaowared Seangarun
dc.contributor.authorSomkiat Seesanong
dc.contributor.authorBanjong Boonchom
dc.contributor.authorNongnuch Laohavisuti
dc.contributor.authorWimonmat Boonmee
dc.contributor.authorPesak Rungrojchaipon
dc.date.accessioned2026-05-08T19:15:07Z
dc.date.issued2025-4-28
dc.description.abstractformation, and decarbonization, generating calcium oxide (CaO) as the final product. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) results showed that the CCT mainly consisted of CaO with a quantity of >98%. The scanning electron microscopic (SEM) image revealed the irregular plate-like CCT crystallites. The concentration of citric acid is a key factor that influences the productive parameters of CCT, including production yield, reaction time, and solubility. 2 M citric acid provided the optimal balance between productivity and cost-effectiveness, with the highest yield and soluble fraction and the lowest reaction time. The results suggest that the preparation of CCT from cockle shell waste can potentially replace the use of commercial calcite from mining, which is a limited and non-renewable resource.
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/ma18092003
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.kmitl.ac.th/handle/123456789/14891
dc.publisherMaterials
dc.subjectCalcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition
dc.subjectPolymer Synthesis and Characterization
dc.subjectThermal and Kinetic Analysis
dc.titleEffect of Citric Acid Concentration on the Transformation of Aragonite CaCO3 to Calcium Citrate Using Cockle Shells as a Green Calcium Source
dc.typeArticle

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