Development of soil moisture monitoring by using IoT and UAV-SC for smart farming application

Soil moisture is a fundamental factor for smart farming that is used to control the water management system. In this paper, the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) small cell (UAV-SC) can provide Internet of things (IoT) as the hotspot mobility network, due to the minimum limitation energy of connected IoT. The development of ground sensor (GS) communicates to the UAV-SC called GS-UAV-SC model for soil moisture monitoring is proposed to smart farming. UAV-SC aims to fulfill the data collection task with a limitation of GSs power. In the experiment, the two case scenarios: Napier grass farm and Ruzi grass farm are implemented. The result of soil moisture status is demonstrated as an example of data in real time on a mobile application monitoring system. The proposed system is useful for users/farmers to know the soil moisture data quickly for smart farming applications.