Improving calcium bioavailability from fish bone waste: the role of sodium hydroxide in bio‑calcium extraction from tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) bones

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dc.contributor.authorSenphan, Theeraphol
dc.contributor.authorMungmueang, Natthapong
dc.contributor.authorChoommongkol, Vachira
dc.contributor.authorSriket, Chodsana
dc.contributor.authorKishimura, Hideki
dc.contributor.authorKittiphattanabawon, Phanat
dc.contributor.authorBenjakul, Soottawat
dc.date.accessioned2026-08-06T10:52:18Z
dc.date.available2026-08-06T10:52:18Z
dc.date.issued2025-10-01
dc.description.abstractCalcium deficiency is a global health issue motivating the search for sustainable calcium sources from aquaculture waste. This study investigated sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentration effects on bio‑calcium quality and bioavailability extracted from tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) bones. Tilapia bones were treated with 0.5 M, 1 M, and 2 M NaOH solutions for 30 min compared to untreated controls. Increasing NaOH concentrations decreased yield while improving brightness, ash content, and calcium bioavailability. The 2 M NaOH treatment produced bio‑calcium with highest calcium bioavailability (8.57 %), surpassing both control (7.26 %) and commercial calcium carbonate (0.72 %) by 12-fold. Higher NaOH concentrations reduced moisture, protein, and fat contents while increasing hydroxyproline and decreasing lipid oxidation. SEM showed smoother surfaces with homogeneous pores in 2 M NaOH-treated samples. ATR-FTIR and EDS confirmed consistent hydroxyapatite structure. This optimization provides a sustainable approach for converting fish waste into high-bioavailability calcium supplements, supporting circular economy in aquaculture while addressing global calcium deficiency.
dc.identifier.citationFood Chemistry X, 31, 2025
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103126
dc.identifier.issn25901575
dc.identifier.other2-s2.0-105018917166
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.kmitl.ac.th/handle/123456789/17274
dc.sourceFood Chemistry X
dc.subjectBio‑calcium
dc.subjectCalcium bioavailability
dc.subjectHydroxyapatite
dc.subjectSodium hydroxide
dc.subjectTilapia fish bones
dc.titleImproving calcium bioavailability from fish bone waste: the role of sodium hydroxide in bio‑calcium extraction from tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) bones
dc.typeArticle

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