Optimization of SPIONs-Loaded PLGA Microdroplets for Targeted Magnetic Drug Delivery: A Microfluidic Approach

Abstract

This study investigates the potential of monodispersed superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs)-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microdroplets, fabricated using droplet-based microfluidics, for targeted magnetic drug delivery applications. By adjusting the flow rate ratio (Q = Qd/Qc ) between the dispersed and continuous phases, the diameter of the monodispersed PLGA microdroplets could be controlled. With a flow rate ratio of Q = 0.05, SPIONs-loaded PLGA microdroplets with a diameter of 8.6 ± 0.6 μm were successfully formed. The magnetic properties of the encapsulated SPIONs were preserved, as evidenced by their response to an external magnetic field. Upon exposure to a magnetic field, the SPIONs-loaded PLGA microdroplets penetrated porcine skin to a depth of more than 140 μm within 5 minutes. The results demonstrate the potential of these monodispersed SPIONsloaded PLGA microdroplets for targeted magnetic drug delivery systems, as they possess controllable size and preserved magnetic properties, enabling enhanced penetration and localization when combined with external magnetic fields.