Classical to Relaxor Ferroelectric Transformation of Lanthanum Modified BaTi0.91Sn0.09O3 Ceramics
| dc.contributor.author | Pattanakasem, Wiwat | |
| dc.contributor.author | Prasertpalichat, Sasipohn | |
| dc.contributor.author | Premwichit, Pathit | |
| dc.contributor.author | Vittayakorn, Naratip | |
| dc.contributor.author | Bongkarn, Theerachai | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-08-06T10:39:17Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2026-08-06T10:39:17Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2023-01-01 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Lead-free Ba<inf>1-x</inf>La<inf>x</inf>Ti<inf>0.91</inf>Sn<inf>0.09</inf>O<inf>3</inf> (BLTS) ceramics with x = 0, 0.01, 0.03 and 0.05, were prepared by the traditional solid-state sintering method with calcination and sintering temperatures of 1200 °C for 2 h and 1400 °C for 4 h, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements revealed that all the BLTS ceramics had pure perovskite structures with no detectable impurities. When x = 0 and 0.01, the ceramics exhibited coexisting orthorhombic (O) and tetragonal (T) phases, while the orthorhombic (O), tetragonal (T) and cubic phase (C) were detected in the BLTS ceramics with x = 0.03 and 0.05, which the Rietveld refinement analysis confirmed. Furthermore, increasing x in the BLTS ceramics led to a large decrease in the average grain size (from 45.7 to 0.9 µm). A significant decrease in the remnant polarization (P <inf>r</inf>) accompanied by very slim hysteresis loops were observed for higher La (x ≥ 0.03) levels. This demonstrates that BLTS ceramics transition from classical ferroelectric to relaxor ferroelectric behavior due to changing occupancy of the A-site to La<sup>3+</sup> from Ba<sup>2+</sup>. | |
| dc.identifier.citation | Integrated Ferroelectrics, 239(1), 224-233, 2023 | |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.1080/10584587.2023.2234624 | |
| dc.identifier.issn | 10584587 | |
| dc.identifier.other | 2-s2.0-85174863699 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://dspace.kmitl.ac.th/handle/123456789/13827 | |
| dc.source | Integrated Ferroelectrics | |
| dc.subject | hysteresis loop | |
| dc.subject | microstructure | |
| dc.subject | phase formation | |
| dc.subject | relaxor ferroelectric | |
| dc.subject | Rietveld refinement | |
| dc.title | Classical to Relaxor Ferroelectric Transformation of Lanthanum Modified BaTi0.91Sn0.09O3 Ceramics | |
| dc.type | Article |