Optimal Bi₀.₈Ba₀.₂FeO₃ doping in Bi₀.₅(Na₀.₇₇K₀.₂₀Li₀.₀₃)₀.₅TiO₃ multiferroic ceramics synthesized by the solid-state combustion technique

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dc.contributor.authorThawong, Pichittra
dc.contributor.authorPrasertpalichat, Sasipohn
dc.contributor.authorSuriwong, Tawat
dc.contributor.authorPinitsoontorn, Supree
dc.contributor.authorJantaratana, Pongsakorn
dc.contributor.authorChootin, Suphornphun
dc.contributor.authorSriondee, Manlika
dc.contributor.authorCharoonsuk, Thitirat
dc.contributor.authorVittayakorn, Naratip
dc.contributor.authorRittidech, Aurawan
dc.contributor.authorBongkarn, Theerachai
dc.date.accessioned2026-08-06T10:53:06Z
dc.date.available2026-08-06T10:53:06Z
dc.date.issued2025-12-01
dc.description.abstract(1-x)Bi<inf>0.5</inf>(Na<inf>0.77</inf>K<inf>0.20</inf>Li<inf>0.03</inf>)<inf>0.5</inf>TiO<inf>3</inf>-xBi<inf>0.8</inf>Ba<inf>0.2</inf>FeO<inf>3</inf> ((1-x)BNKLT-xBBF) ceramics with x = 0-0.4 were synthesized by the solid-state combustion technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed a pure perovskite structure with coexisting rhombohedral and tetragonal phases. Rietveld refinement revealed that the unit cell volume increased with increased x due to the substitution of smaller Bi<sup>3+</sup> and Ti<sup>4+</sup> ions by larger Ba<sup>2+</sup> and Fe<sup>3+</sup> ions at the A- and B-sites, respectively. The average grain size and measured density also increased with increasing x, while the resistivity decreased. At room temperature, (1-x)BNKLT-xBBF ceramics with x = 0.2–0.4 exhibited multiferroic behavior, characterized by ferroelectric and ferromagnetic hysteresis loops. The 0.8BNKLT-0.2BBF ceramic exhibited the most favorable properties, including: the highest relative density (95.48%), the highest dielectric constant and low dielectric loss at room temperature (ε<inf>R</inf> = 1746 and tan δ<inf>R</inf> = 0.0296), good ferroelectric properties (P<inf>r</inf>=6.46 µC/cm<sup>2</sup> and E<inf>c</inf>=11.84 kV/cm) and good ferromagnetic properties (M<inf>r</inf>=0.002 emu/g, H<inf>c</inf>=110 Oe and α<inf>E</inf> = 1.092 mV/Oe·cm). These results indicate that 0.8BNKLT-0.2BBF has the potential for applications in lead-free, room temperature multiferroic applications.
dc.identifier.citationScientific Reports, 15(1), 2025
dc.identifier.doi10.1038/s41598-025-04716-8
dc.identifier.issn20452322
dc.identifier.other2-s2.0-105009960692
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace.kmitl.ac.th/handle/123456789/17481
dc.sourceScientific Reports
dc.subjectBNT-based
dc.subjectFerroelectric properties
dc.subjectLead-free
dc.subjectMagnetic properties
dc.subjectMultiferroic material
dc.titleOptimal Bi₀.₈Ba₀.₂FeO₃ doping in Bi₀.₅(Na₀.₇₇K₀.₂₀Li₀.₀₃)₀.₅TiO₃ multiferroic ceramics synthesized by the solid-state combustion technique
dc.typeArticle

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