Building RSSI-based Indoor Positioning Fingerprint Maps using Android-based Coordination

Indoor positioning systems (IPS) have emerged as a critical technology for location-based applications. Developing IPS system is challenging since technologies for outdoor positioning seem to be limited in indoor environment. Fingerprinting is a technique to build an offline map and compare the current location with it. While fingerprinting remains a popular technique for indoor positioning, its reliance on extensive manual data collection is a significant challenge. These data points can be the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) of the Wi-Fi signal or signals from the triangulation of Bluetooth/cellular beacons. However, the conventional grid-based fingerprint technique is facing challenges when the target area is being large. This research proposes an automated approach to gathering Wi-Fi RSSI data for building indoor positioning maps using the Android-based triangulated coordination. Our method demonstrates a substantial reduction in data collection time (79%) compared to traditional grid-based techniques. The resulting dataset effectively supports machine learning models for indoor positioning, achieving a Mean Distance Error (MDE) of less than 2 meters different.