Catalytic Deoxygenation of Palm Oil Over Iron Phosphide Supported on Nanoporous Carbon Derived from Vinasse Waste for Green Diesel Production

Abstract

/g and it was utilized as a catalyst for the conversion of palm oil into green diesel fuel. The supported NPC catalyst was fabricated via a wet impregnation technique, where finely distributed iron phosphide (FeP) particles were cemented. The FeP/NPC catalyst was evaluated for its physicochemical characteristics using various techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen sorption analyzer, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) mapping. An investigation was conducted to examine the effects of different temperatures (ranging from 280 to 360 °C) on the conversion of palm oil through deoxygenation reactions. The FeP/NPC catalyst exhibited remarkable particle dispersion and surface area. At a reaction temperature of 340 °C, the FeP/NPC catalyst had the best selectivity for green diesel, reaching 68.5%. The finding implies that FeP catalysts, when supported, hold significant promise for converting triglycerides into renewable diesel fuel. Moreover, they provide the advantage of being more cost-effective than valuable metals, while demonstrating excellent catalytic efficiency in the production of biofuels. Furthermore, it has been shown that the FeP/NPC catalyst can be recycled by subjecting it to heat treatment to remove impurities and obtain reduction.