Continuous Wavelet Transform based SqueezeNet for Damage Classification of Monolithic Zirconia Dental Crowns Using Acoustic Emission Analysis

Abstract

This work presents a novel approach utilizing continuous wavelet transform and deep learning for pattern recognition and classification of generated cracked signals. The research employs a smart sensing data acquisition system in a non-destructive manner, utilizing dual acoustic emission (AE) sensor to determine the specific cracked position at the crown surface. An AE data acquisition module is used to transform the AE signals captured by the AE sensor into.csv data, which is then subjected to denoising utilizing band stop and Bayesian filters to eliminate background noise. Subsequently, the denoised data are processed and classified using an algorithmic model called SqueezeNet, which facilitates the accurate localization of cracks in the Monolithic crown. For the purpose of training and validating the algorithmic model, the study uses AE signals produced by pencil lead breaking (PLB) at the incisal, labial, palatal, left, and right sides of the crown. In order to make it easier to identify the sources of AE signals resulting from PLB-induced AE events, wavelet transform (WT) is used to assess the location of the crown in respect to AE signals. AE signals are divided into two categories and the algorithm’s accuracy in classifying them is assessed during the training and testing stages. With a total accuracy of $\mathbf{9 6 . 5 \%}$, the deep learning-powered AE approach successfully detects flaws on the dental crown surfaces. The integration of a dual AE sensor with a SqueezeNet algorithm based on AE signals sets this study apart, offering an automated and efficient solution for early cracked detection in dental crowns for prototype clinical dental restorative crack identification.