Influence of Physical Mixing Ratio on Pore Development in Highly Porous Carbon Prepared From Nipa Palm Husk Using Hydrothermal Carbonization with Chemical Activation

Abstract

Abstract In this study, porous carbon materials were prepared from nipa palm ( Nypa fruiticans ) husk using hydrothermal carbonization process with KOH activation through physical mixing. In order to investigate effects of factors on carbon products, hydrothermal temperature and duraton were set to 180°C and 8 hours, and KOH:hydrochar activation weight ratio at 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3, respectively. Prepared carbon materials then were carbonized at 900°C for 2 hours under nitrogen atmosphere and characterized by scanning electron microscope, fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction. According to the results, carbon material produced using physical mixing activation ratio of 1:1 shows the most significant pore development and surface chemical properties, leads to finding a promising way to prepare environmental-friendly highly porous carbon material from biomass.