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Ultrasonically anchored core–shell Au–Pt nanoparticles on g-C3N4-modified screen-printed carbon electrode for efficient electrochemical detection of diclofenac in aquatic environments
(2026-04-01)
Chinnawat, Sirinyakorn
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Detsri, Ekarat
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Thaipukdee, Piyathida
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Pho-ngernngam, Chakkaphan
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Jindaphet, Phetradar
The widespread occurrence of pharmaceutical residues, particularly diclofenac (DCF), in aquatic environments poses serious ecological and health risks due to their persistence and inefficient removal by conventional treatment systems. This study reports a highly sensitive electrochemical sensor based on a core–shell AuPt nanoparticles (Au0-Pt0<inf>NPs</inf>) decorated graphitic carbon nitride (g-C<inf>3</inf>N<inf>4</inf>) heterostructure modified screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) for DCF monitoring. The Au0-Pt0<inf>NPs</inf>/g-C<inf>3</inf>N<inf>4</inf> nanocomposite was prepared using the ultrasonication method, in which ultrasonic energy facilitated hydrogen bonding between the Au0-Pt0<inf>NPs</inf> and g-C<inf>3</inf>N<inf>4</inf> support. The incorporation of Au0-Pt0<inf>NPs</inf> onto the g-C<inf>3</inf>N<inf>4</inf> surface provides strong interfacial adhesion, which effectively enhances charge carrier separation and promotes rapid electron transfer across the interface on the SPCE surface during DCF analysis. Optimization of experimental parameter showed that the electrode fabricated at 1.5 mg mL−1nanocomposite concentration, 15 s interval time analysis, a scan rate of 100 mV s−1and PBS buffer at pH 7.0 exhibited the highest peak current. The Au0-Pt0<inf>NPs</inf>/g-C<inf>3</inf>N<inf>4</inf>/SPCE sensor displayed a wide linear range of 0.25–1000 μmol L−1, which LOD of 0.25 μmol L−1, along with excellent reproducibility (%RSD = 1.12%) and stability (%RSD = 0.24%, after storage for 30 day). The electrode demonstrated strong selectivity against interfering species. Validation with aquatic environments samples achieved recoveries of 98.88–103.49%, and ANOVA analysis confirmed no significant difference (p = 0.527 > 0.05) compared with HPLC results (R2 > 0.99). The synergistic effect of Au0-Pt0<inf>NPs</inf>/g-C<inf>3</inf>N<inf>4</inf> enhanced catalytic performance, making the developed SPCE platform a reliable, and cost-effective sensor for detecting of DCF pollutants.
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Ultrasonically synthesized core-shell Au/Pt nanoparticles decorated g-C3N4heterostructures for enhanced sunlight-driven photocatalytic degradation of aflatoxin B1 in domestic wastewater
(2025-10-01)
Mathaweesansurn, Arjnarong
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Peensuwan, Natthakan
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Paiboonbudsrakum, Tanyapat
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Chiangthap, Tanawan
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Chinnawat, Sirinyakorn
The discharge of domestic wastewater from washing agricultural products contaminated with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), even at low concentrations, poses significant risks to food chain integrity and public health. Core-shell Au/Pt nanoparticles anchored on a g-C3N4 heterostructure (Au-PtNPs/g-C3N4) were developed as a highly promising photocatalyst for the efficient degradation of AFB1 in domestic wastewater treatment applications. Herein, core-shell Au-PtNPs were synthesized via a straightforward one-step chemical reduction method assisted by ultrasonic irradiation. The core-shell Au-PtNPs (46.52±0.15nm) were uniformly anchored onto the g-C3N4 nanosheets via hydrogen bonding during ultrasonic dispersion. The Au-PtNPs/g-C3N4 composites were systematically characterized and evaluated for AFB1 photodegradation. Complete removal of AFB1 (50μgL-1) was accomplished within just 1min under natural sunlight using 0.50mg of catalyst at pH 7.0, demonstrating a 6.7-fold enhancement over pristine g-C3N4. Mechanistic investigations confirmed that the AuNPs core induced a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect that broadened visible-light absorption, while the PtNPs shell served as an efficient electron sink, facilitating charge separation. Simultaneously, the g-C3N4 nanosheets functioned as a visible-light-responsive photoactive scaffold, promoting effective charge generation and directional migration across the heterojunction interface. These synergistic effects were validated by diffuse reflectance UV-vis spectroscopy, linear sweep voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, photoluminescence quenching, and Mott-Schottky analysis. The combined enhancements significantly promoted the generation of reactive oxygen species (•O-2, •OH and h∗), driving the efficient photodegradation of AFB1. Thus, the Au-PtNPs/g-C3N4 photocatalyst provides a promising, sunlight-driven strategy for AFB1 detoxification in real wastewater from domestic, agricultural and food industry sources.
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Ultrasensitive electrochemical aptasensors based on trimetallic AuPt-Ru nanoparticles decorated RGO with disposable and low-cost goldleaf electrode for aflatoxin B1 quantification in agricultural products
(2025-01-01)
Khattiya, Akrarath
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Karaket, Ratchanok
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Mathaweesansurn, Arjnarong
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Detsri, Ekarat
Due to the significant increase in cases of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma associated with the agricultural products consumption contaminated with Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), there is an urgent need for rapid AFB1 detection methods. Herein, we propose using waxberry-like heterostructure AuPt-Ru nanoparticles supported by RGO (AuPt-Ru/RGO) embedded goldleaf as a disposable and low-cost electrode (GLE<inf>AuPt-Ru/RGO</inf>) for electrochemical aptasensor detection of AFB1. The trimetallic AuPt-Ru nanocomposite was synthesized through the ultrasonic-driven chemical reduction method. The AuPt-Ru was integrated with RGO to accelerate the electron transfer and increase the specific immobilizing surface area of the thiol-5′-terminated modified aptamer (aptamer) to target AFB1 on GLE. The electrochemical aptasensor GLE<inf>AuPt-Ru/RGO</inf> shows a highly selective response for AFB1 through specific hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking interactions. The linearity of differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) measurements for AFB1 was 0.3–30.0 pg mL−1 (R2 = 0.9972) with a detection limit (LOD) and a quantification limit (LOQ) of 9 × 10−3 pg mL−1 and 3.1 × 10−2 pg mL−1, respectively. The developed aptamer-based GLE<inf>AuPt-Ru/RGO</inf> performed effectively in actual samples, with recoveries ranging from 94.6 % to 107.9 % in agricultural products including dried red chili, garlic, peanuts, pepper, and Thai jasmine rice. The fabricated aptamer-based GLE-decorated AuPt-Ru/RGO exhibited excellent electrochemical behavior similar to that of a modified commercial electrode, which has great potential application prospects for detecting AFB1 in agricultural products.
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Covalent organic frameworks blended cellulose nanocrystal for in-needle syringe solid phase extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in dark roasted coffee
(2024-11-01)
Karaket, Ratchanok
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Khattiya, Akrarath
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Lerdpiriyaskulkij, Natee
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Mathaweesansurn, Arjnarong
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Detsri, Ekarat
A novel solid phase of an in-needle syringe solid-phase extraction system (In<inf>NS</inf>-SPE), covalent organic framework blended cellulose nanocrystal nanocomposite (COF@CNC), was prepared for the adsorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in dark roasted coffee samples. Trace PAHs in dark roasted coffee were effectively extracted through π-π stacking interaction with COF@CNC. The effect of various experimental parameters on the extraction performances, including adsorbent dosage, desorption solvent and its volume, sample volume, elution flow rate, and ionic strength, were studied. The extraction efficiency, quantified as extraction recovery, was evaluated using high performance liquid chromatography equipped with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FD). Under the optimal conditions, the COF@CNC sorbent-based In<inf>NS</inf>-SPE with HPLC-FD can be used for detecting four PAHs, including acenaphthene, fluoranthene, phenanthrene, and pyrene, in the linear range of 5 to 1,000 ng mL−1, with a good correlation coefficient (R2 > 0.9968). The detection limits were found in the range of 3.07–5.49 ng mL−1. The COF@CNC sorbent exhibited good reusability (12 times, with a slight change in % recoveries). Furthermore, the proposed In<inf>NS</inf>-SPE based COF@CNC method was environmentally friendly due to the use of a small volume of desorption solvent (1.0 mL). The extraction of PAHs from dark roasted coffee using the developed tool was achieved with recoveries in the range of 82.50–105.76. It proved that the method was unaffected by the sample matrix. Therefore, the COF@CNC nanocomposite sorbent-based In<inf>NS</inf>-SPE is an effective tool for detecting PAHs in dark roasted coffee samples.
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Facile construction of magnetic solid-phase extraction of polyaniline blend poly(amidoamine) dendrimers modified graphene oxide quantum dots for efficient adsorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in environmental water
(2024-02-22)
Karaket, Ratchanok
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Detsri, Ekarat
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Khattiya, Akrarath
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Monvisade, Pathavuth
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Mathaweesansurn, Arjnarong
An efficient magneto–adsorbent composed of polyaniline blend poly(amidoamine) dendrimers modified graphene oxide quantum dots and magnetic Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf> particles (Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf>@PANI–PSS/PAMAM–QGO) for magnetic solid–phase extraction (MSPE) of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in environmental water was synthesized. Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf>@PANI–PSS/PAMAM–QGO exhibited exceptional adsorption property for most PAHs analytes. The nanocomposite sorbent demonstrated a ferromagnetic behavior of 17.457 emu g−1, which is adequate for subsequent use in MSPE. Key parameters affecting the processes of adsorption and desorption, including the sorbent amount, vortex adsorption time, vortex extraction time, sample volume, a solvent for desorption and the solvent volume were all examined and optimized. The performance of MSPE using Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf>@PANI–PSS/PAMAM–QGO as adsorbent for four PAHs, including fluoranthene, acenaphthene, phenanthrene and pyrene were studied through high performance liquid chromatography equipped with spectrofluorometer. Under the optimal conditions, Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf>@PANI–PSS/PAMAM–QGO showed a wide linearity of 10–1,000 ng mL−1, low detection limit (LOD) ranging from 1.92 to 4.25 ng mL -1 and high accuracy (recoveries of 93.6–96.5 %). Enrichment factors up to 185 were achieved. Furthermore, Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf>@PANI–PSS/PAMAM–QGO exhibited good recyclability (10 times, RSDs ≤ 5.35%), while maintaining its high efficiency in the extraction of PAHs. The proposed method was successfully applied for environmental samples. Recoveries ranging from 81.2 to 106.2 % were obtained, indicating a low matrix effect and the robustness of the optimized MSPE method. Based on these features and under the optimal extraction conditions, Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf>@PANI–PSS/PAMAM–QGO was demonstrated to be a successful tool for the rapid and sensitive extraction of PAHs in the samples.

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