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    Testing Pellets Fuel Production from Sewage Sludge of Palm Oil Industry
    (2024-01-01)
    Maneerat, Sukrit
    ;
    Rittichote Kaewpengkrow, Prangtip
    ;
    Bunmephiphit, Chanon
    The wastes from the palm oil production process were used in this study, such as wastewater sludge and cake decenter or decanter waste. That moisture was less than 40% and increased density by the cold pelletizing process. The aim is to use pellet fuel for heating. Analysis of pellet fuel consists of physical properties, proximate (moisture, ash, volatile matter and fixed carbon) and heating value. The results showed that cake decenter and wastewater sludge had similar high volatile matter. The decenter cake had a higher heating value than the wastewater sludge at 26.649 and 14.965 MJ/kg, respectively. The ash of decenter cake was lower than wastewater at 11.71% and 22.34%, respectively. Blending both raw materials for pelletization increased the volatile matter that did not mix with another material. Therefore, both materials can be used to produce pellet fuel that has an optimal shape and size. That was hard to break. The results of chemical property testing show that it is within acceptable limits and can be used as pellet fuel.
      1
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    Microplastics in construction and built environment
    (2023-10-01)
    Prasittisopin, Lapyote
    ;
    Ferdous, Wahid
    ;
    Kamchoom, Viroon
    Plastics have been extensively used in the building and construction industries for decades. However, the more plastics are utilised, the more microplastics are released. This review and analysis article summarises and organises the knowledge from 211 current related publications published in 2014–2022. The review and analysis explain the kinds of plastics employed in construction and built environment. Fabrics or textiles, fibres and plastics in cementitious systems, paints, tyres and roads are discussed. The entry points of microplastics into the human body are reviewed next, followed by the management of recycled wastes. The important research gaps and possible solutions include using high-strength concretes and surface-hardening agents is suggested to encapsulate the microplastics inside the matrix; DPSIR model analysis can be holistically adopted for each composite; innovative bio-chemical technology like self-healing concrete and bio-degradable plastics can be a viable choice; and social science, law and urban planning can support awareness and comprehension.
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    Gasification of plastic waste for synthesis gas production
    (2020-02-01)
    Saebea, Dang
    ;
    Ruengrit, Pornnapat
    ;
    Arpornwichanop, Amornchai
    ;
    Patcharavorachot, Yaneeporn
    This work presents the synthesis gas production from gasification of plastic waste, i.e. polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP). The steam gasification is modeled by using AspenPlus<sup>TM</sup> simulation software. The effects of gasifier temperature and steam to feed (S/F) mass ratio were examined to determine the suitable synthesis gas mole flow rate. The simulation results showed that gasifier should be operated at 900 °C with optimal S/F mass ratio as 1.5. Considering the influence of PE/PP mass ratio, the results indicated that the PE/PP mass ratio of 100/0 or pure PE can provide the maximum synthesis gas flow rate of 21 kmol/hr and H<inf>2</inf>/CO ratio of 2.1.
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    Modelling greenhouse gas generation for landfill
    (2018-01-01)
    Sirimangkhala, Khwansiri
    ;
    Pimpunchat, Busayamas
    ;
    Amornsamankul, Somkid
    ;
    Triampo, Wannapong
    Landfill has been widely used in many countries for the final disposal of solid waste material due to its economic advantages. Landfills emit mostly methane and carbon dioxide. In this work, the dynamic characteristics of greenhouse gases generated from the closed landfill system were studied. The chemical reaction processes involved are considered and a mathematical model is formulated and analyzed. The behaviors of the key greenhouse gases, namely, carbon dioxide and methane, are carefully studied. It was found that our proposed model is qualitatively in good agreement with the real world phenomena. The characteristics of greenhouse gases of interest namely carbon dioxide and methane were found to depend on the reaction rate in a complex manner. Since the system is closed, each gas species becomes a constraint to one another. We can utilize these findings to control the landfill system and to take benefit from the useful products. Moreover, it suggests that methane and carbon dioxide could be used for electricity generation which helps reduce greenhouse gases in atmosphere.
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    Application of Lean Manufacturing System: a Case Study of Control Cable Manufacturing
    (2017-01-01)
    Chanarungruengkij, Veerasak
    ;
    Saenthon, Anakapon
    ;
    Kaitwanidvilai, Somyot
    This paper proposes the application of lean manufacturing system to improve the efficiency and reduce the wastes in the control cable process in the automotive industry. With the improvement of the bottleneck process and the balancing of the workflow of the process by considering the material flowchart, the process was improved and verified. The proposed workflow is developed based on the concept of lean manufacturing and the improvement in terms of more continuous flow can be achieved. As results indicated, the productivity of the studied process was increased by 33 percent and the waste was reduced to 0. In addition, the process inventory can be reduced to 0.
      3
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    Odor treatment system for waste management
    (2006-12-01)
    Areejit, Suwilai
    ;
    Sooraksa, Pitikhate
    This project is an applied research using automation technology for environment. The goal of the research is to build a prototype for waste treatment annihilating obnoxious odors. Good bacteria, which is unharmful for human, is employed for the treatment by means of automatic spraying technique. The output of the research is the prototype as desired and the outcome is knowledge transferring to communities. Based on Thai TV news about this KMITL automatic waste treatment machine, the prototype has received a great attention from many local administrative governments of many provinces in Thailand. © 2006 ICASE.