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Author: search.filters.author.Apisitwanich, Somsak

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    Growth modulation effects of CBM2a under the control of AtEXP4 and CaMV35S promoters in Arabidopsis thaliana, Nicotiana tabacum and Eucalyptus camaldulensis
    (2017-08-01)
    Keadtidumrongkul, Pornthep
    ;
    Suttangkakul, Anongpat
    ;
    Pinmanee, Phitsanu
    ;
    Pattana, Kanokwan
    ;
    Kittiwongwattana, Chokchai
    The expression of cell-wall-targeted Carbohydrate Binding Modules (CBMs) can alter cell wall properties and modulate growth and development in plants such as tobacco and potato. CBM2a identified in xylanase 10A from Cellulomonas fimi is of particular interest for its ability to bind crystalline cellulose. However, its potential for promoting plant growth has not been explored. In this work, we tested the ability of CBM2a to promote growth when expressed using both CaMV35S and a vascular tissue-specific promoter derived from Arabidopsis expansin4 (AtEXP4) in three plant species: Arabidopsis, Nicotiana tabacum and Eucalyptus camaldulensis. In Arabidopsis, the expression of AtEXP4pro:CBM2a showed trends for growth promoting effects including the increase of root and hypocotyl lengths and the enlargements of the vascular xylem area, fiber cells and vessel cells. However, in N. tabacum, the expression of CBM2a under the control of either CaMV35S or AtEXP4 promoter resulted in subtle changes in the plant growth, and the thickness of secondary xylem and vessel and fiber cell sizes were generally reduced in the transgenic lines with AtEXP4pro:CBM2a. In Eucalyptus, while transgenics expressing CaMV35S:CBM2a showed very subtle changes compared to wild type, those transgenics with AtEXP4pro:CBM2a showed increases in plant height, enlargement of xylem areas and xylem fiber and vessel cells. These data provide comparative effects of expressing CBM2a protein in different plant species, and this finding can be applied for plant biomass improvement.
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    Effects of sequence and expression of eight anthocyanin biosynthesis genes on floral coloration in four dendrobium hybrids
    (2015-01-01)
    Kriangphan, Nattaphan
    ;
    Vuttipongchaikij, Supachai
    ;
    Kittiwongwattana, Chokchai
    ;
    Suttangkakul, Anongpat
    ;
    Pinmanee, Phitsanu
    Understanding the control of anthocyanin biosynthesis is beneficial to genetic improvement for floral production in Dendrobium orchids. Full-length cDNA of CHS, CHI1, CHI2, F3H, DFR, ANS, F3'5'H, and FLS was isolated from Dendrobium hybrids with purple, peach, white and greenish white flowers. Analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences and gene expression levels of the eight genes suggested potential causes of color variation among the hybrids. Peach hybrid (SC) was likely due to changes in anthocyanin production from cyanidin to pelargonidin through mutations in F3'H, and the low color intensity was likely derived from the low expression levels of CHI1 and CHI2. In addition, white hybrid (RW) was likely caused by several mutations in F3H and/or high expression levels of FLS, an enzyme that converts color flavonoid intermediates into colorless flavonols. Simultaneous loss of F3H, DFR, and ANS expression observed in another white hybrid (JW) indicated that an alteration of anthocyanin regulatory controls was likely the cause of white coloration. Furthermore, analysis of hybrid mutants bearing pale and dark flowers demonstrated the influence of the expression of anthocyanin genes on the intensity of flower colors. Data obtained from this work could contribute to new strategies for future orchid breeding.
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    Evaluations of the mutagenicity of a pigment extract from bulb culture of Hippeastrum reticulatum
    (2014-01-01)
    Nitteranon, Viriya
    ;
    Kittiwongwattana, Chockchai
    ;
    Vuttipongchaikij, Supachai
    ;
    Sakulkoo, Jenjira
    ;
    Srijakkoat, Monthira
    The use of anthocyanins in food products as colorants has been limited because of their instability toward alkaline pH and high temperature. This study aimed to determine color stability and mutagenicity of the anthocyanin-based pigment extract from bulb cultures of Hippeastrum (Hippeastrum reticulatum). The pigment extract retained its reddish-orange color under alkaline conditions (≤pH 11) and was stable up to 6h at 95°C. The mutagenicity of the extract was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Hippeastrum pigment extract up to 1.25mgplate<sup>-1</sup> was found non-mutagenic in Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98 and TA100. Chromosome aberrations were observed when human lymphocytes were treated with the extract up to 1.5mgml<sup>-1</sup>. However, the extract up to 1.4mgml<sup>-1</sup> was found to exhibit relatively low or no mutagenicity in in vitro comet assays with human lymphocytes. In in vivo micronucleated reticulocyte assay, mice were treated orally with the extract up to 1gkg<sup>-1</sup>. No significant increase of the percentage of micronucleated peripheral reticulocytes compared to the negative control groups was found. Taken together, our study indicates that Hippeastrum pigment extract is potentially applicable as an additive colorant in the diet and related products. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.