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Effects of Host-Specific Multi-Lactic Acid Bacterial Probiotics on Performance, Carcass Traits, Meat Quality, and Gut Microbiome in Fattening Pigs
(2026-04-01)
Sahatsanon, Katatikarn
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Chaweewan, Kamon
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Sringarm, Korawan
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Arjin, Chaiwat
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Hnokaew, Patipan
This study evaluated the effects of a host-specific multi-lactic acid bacterial (MLAB) probiotic and sex on performance, carcass traits, meat quality, and gut microbiota in fattening pigs. Thirty-two crossbred pigs (10 ± 0.80 weeks; 23.43 ± 0.17 kg) were assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial design with diet (control or MLAB probiotics) and sex (barrow or female). The MLAB supplement consisted of seven lactic acid bacterial strains mixed in equal proportions (≈14.3% each)—Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus reuteri, Weissella cibaria, Lactobacillus paraplantarum, Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus pentosus, and Pediococcus pentosaceus—administered at 1 × 10<sup>9</sup> CFU/kg feed for 12 weeks. MLAB probiotic supplementation reduced bone proportion while increasing skin and fat content (p < 0.05), with a treatment × sex interaction for loin eye area (p < 0.05). Meat quality improved in the MLAB group, showing higher ultimate pH and lower cooking loss (p < 0.05), indicating improved water-holding capacity. Female pigs exhibited higher early postmortem pH and protein content (p < 0.05). Microbiome analysis revealed increased abundances of Oxalobacteraceae and Paludibacteraceae and reduced Clostridium sensu stricto 6 (p < 0.05). These results suggest that host-adapted probiotics may support gut microbial balance and improve certain pork quality traits.
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Influence of host-specific and locally isolated multi-strain probiotics on piglet performance, mortality, inflammatory response, and gut microbiome
(2025-04-01)
Sahatsanon, Katatikarn
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Sivapirunthep, Panneepa
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Sringarm, Korawan
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Arjin, Chaiwat
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Hnokaew, Patipan
Objective: This study aimed to assess the impact of host-specific and locally isolated multi-strain probiotics on piglet performance, mortality, inflammatory responses, and gut microbiome. Methods: A total of 52 piglet litters-34 from Landrace sows and 18 from Large White sows-were allocated to two groups: a control group and a multi-strain probiotic group. The probiotic group comprised seven strains of lactic acid bacteria (MLAB): Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus paraplantarum, Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus pentosus, Weissella cibaria, and Pediococcus pentosaceus. Each strain was included in equal concentrations, resulting in a final liquid mixture containing 10<sup>9</sup> colony forming units/mL. The MLAB group received the probiotics orally starting from 7 days of age until weaning at four weeks. Following weaning, supplementation continued via feed spraying for an additional four weeks. Results: MLAB supplementation did not significantly affect piglet performance but showed a trend towards reducing the mortality rate (p = 0.06). It influenced the inflammatory response by upregulating the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10 (p<0.05). Microbial community analysis indicated that MLAB supplementation increased both microbial diversity (Simpson index: p = 0.06) and species richness (Chao1 index: p = 0.02). Piglets receiving MLAB had a significantly higher abundance of the phylum Firmicutes (p<0.01) compared to the control group, while the abundance of the phylum Bacteroidota was markedly reduced (p<0.01). In addition, the relative abundance of the bacterial genera Prevotellaceae_NK3B31 (p<0.01) and Chlamydia (p = 0.03) was lower in the MLAB group. Conclusion: Overall, these results suggest that while MLAB supplementation does not directly improve piglet growth performance, it has the potential to improve immune function and promote a healthier gut microbiota in weaning piglets, which could ultimately reduce mortality rates.
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Effect of Dietary Cannabis sativa L. Residue Supplementation on Meat Quality and Flavor-Enhancing Free Amino Acids in Broiler Chickens
(2025-03-01)
Sopian, Yusup
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Sahatsanon, Katatikarn
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Satsook, Apinya
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Arjin, Chaiwat
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Sringarm, Korawan
This study investigated the effects of dietary Cannabis sativa residues (CR) on broiler growth and meat characteristics. A total of 256 one-day-old male Ross-308 broilers were randomly assigned to four treatments: a basal diet (control) and diets containing 0.5%, 1%, and 2% CR. CR supplementation had no effect on growth performance, survival rate, or European production index but reduced average daily feed intake (p < 0.01). No significant differences were found in meat pH, color, drip loss, thawing loss, cooking loss, or shear force (p > 0.05). However, the ΔE values (0.5% CR: 3.97, 1.0% CR: 3.71, 2.0% CR: 4.95) indicated perceptible color differences compared to the control. CR significantly reduced C12:0, C20:1n9, and C22:1n9 fatty acids (p < 0.05) while increasing free amino acids, including aspartic acid, serine, proline, methionine, and phenylalanine (p < 0.05). It also increased moisture content and decreased fat content, especially at 2% CR (p < 0.05). In conclusion, CR supplementation improves the flavor and nutritional value of broiler meat and is a potential alternative to conventional feed additives.
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Effect of Cannabis sativa residue supplementation on meat quality, antioxidative capacity, and immune response in 34-day-old broiler chickens
(2025-01-01)
Sopian, Yusup
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Sahatsanon, Katatikarn
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Satsook, Apinya
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Arjin, Chaiwat
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Lumsangkul, Chompunut
The overuse of antibiotics in animal feed has led to rising antibiotic resistance, highlighting the need for sustainable alternatives like herbal supplements. Cannabis sativa residues (CR), byproducts of the cannabis industry, have medicinal properties that may benefit poultry production. This study evaluated the effects of CR supplementation on meat quality, antioxidative capacity, and immune response in 34-day-old broiler chickens. A total of 256 male one-day-old Ross 308 chicks were randomly divided into four groups (0%, 0.5%, 1%, or 2% CR) and reared for 34 days. Broilers fed 1% CR had the highest eviscerated carcase yield, while those receiving 2% CR had the highest breast and intestine percentages (p < 0.05). A 2% CR dietary inclusion significantly elevated the pH of breast meat at 24 h post-mortem and reduced shear force and drip loss in breast meat (p < 0.05). Malondialdehyde levels in meat were significantly lower during storage (0, 3, and 5 days) in CR-fed groups (p < 0.01). No significant changes were observed in thawing loss, cooking loss, or meat colour (p > 0.05). While CR had no significant effect on immune-related gene expression, it significantly upregulated antioxidant-related genes such as catalase (CAT) and nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2) in the liver and increased Nrf2 expression in the jejunum (p < 0.05). Principal component analysis revealed positive correlations between CR supplementation and antioxidant gene expression. These results suggest that CR, at 0.5 to 2%, may enhance meat quality and antioxidant defense in broiler chickens.
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Dietary supplementation of Cannabis sativa residues in broiler chickens affects performance, carcass characteristics, intestinal morphology, blood biochemistry profile and oxidative stability
(2024-10-01)
Sopian, Yusup
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Sartsook, Apinya
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Arjin, Chaiwat
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Lumsangkul, Chompunut
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Sringarm, Korawan
Public interest in the cannabis plant has increased after its legalization in many countries. Cannabis sativa residues (CR) are a part of the plant waste in the cannabis industry. The CR contain medicinal properties that could be used as a feed additive in poultry production. The trial was conducted to investigate the effects of CR on growth performance, carcass characteristics, intestinal morphology, and blood biochemistry profile of broiler chickens. In a completely randomized design, 256 one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers were randomly allocated to 4 treatments with 8 replicates and 8 birds per replicate. These 4 dietary treatments included a basal diet with 0, 0.5, 1 and 2% CR for 40 d. The results showed that 2% CR supplementation reduced feed intake (FI) in the starter phase (d 3–23, P < 0.05). The birds in the CR groups had lower FI in the finishing phase (d 24–40, P < 0.01) and the whole raising period (d 3–40, P < 0.01) than the control. However, the body weight and carcass yield were not different (P > 0.05). In addition, the CR diet had no adverse effects on the blood biochemistry profile, including total cholesterol, triglycerides, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total protein, globulin, albumin, and direct bilirubin (P > 0.05). In addition, total bilirubin and malondialdehyde were better in the plasma of CR-supplemented birds than in the control groups (P < 0.05). The observations on intestinal morphology showed that CR supplementation improved the ratio between villus height and crypt depth in the ileum (P < 0.05). In conclusion, CR supplementation can improve intestinal morphology and oxidative stability of broiler chickens. This suggests that CR could potentially be used as an alternative feed additive in broiler production.

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