Now showing 1 - 10 of 51
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Item type:Publication,
    Myosin heavy chain isoforms expression, calpain system and quality characteristics of different muscles in goats
    (2020-08-15) ;
    Sitthigripong, Ronachai
    ;
    ;
    Pungsuk, Apichaya
    ;
    Adeyemi, Kazeem D.
    Myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms in goat muscles and their possible relationships with meat quality have not been fully elucidated. This study characterized the MHC isoforms in different caprine muscles using sodium dodecyl sulphate glycerol gel electrophoresis (SDS-GGE). The relationships between MHC isoforms, calpain systems and meat quality characteristics of different muscles in goats were examined. Four muscles, namely infraspinatus (IF), longissimus dorsi (LD), psoas major (PM) and supraspinatus (SS) were obtained from ten Boer crossbred bucks (7–10 months old; 26.5 ± 3.5 kg, BW). The percentages of MHC I, MHC IIa and MHC IIx in SS, IF, PM and LD were 47.2, 38.3, 32.1, 11.9; 28.0, 42.1, 33.0, 36.4; and 24.8, 19.6, 34.9 and 51.7, respectively. IF and SS had higher levels of calpastatin, total collagen and insoluble collagen contents than did PM and LD. PM had longer sarcomere length than did other muscles. LD had higher collagen solubility, troponin-T degradation products and glycogen content than did other muscles. These results infer that variable fiber-type composition could account partially for the differences in the physicochemical properties of goat muscles.
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Item type:Publication,
    Data-driven insights into pre-slaughter mortality: Machine learning for predicting high dead on arrival in meat-type ducks
    (2025-01-01)
    Jainonthee, Chalita
    ;
    Sanwisate, Phutsadee
    ;
    ; ;
    Mektrirat, Raktham
    Dead on arrival (DOA) refers to animals, particularly poultry, that die during the pre-slaughter phase. Elevated rates of DOA frequently signify substandard welfare conditions and might stem from multiple causes, resulting in diminished productivity and economic losses. This study included 18,643 truckload entries from 45 farms, encompassing a total of 23,191,809 meat-type ducks sent to a single slaughterhouse in Eastern Thailand between January 2019 and December 2023. The objective of this study was twofold: first, to classify high DOA rates (≥ 0.15%) using several predictors, including season, period of the day, number of ducks per truckload, distance, duration of transportation, age, average body weight, lairage time, and temperature at the lairage area. This classification was performed using machine learning (ML) algorithms such as Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree (DT), Random Forests (RF), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). Additionally, several data-sampling techniques, including oversampling, undersampling, Random Over-Sampling Examples (ROSE), and Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE), were utilized to address the issue of imbalanced data. Second, to analyze variable importance contributing to the predictive outcomes. The descriptive analysis revealed a mean DOA percentage of 0.14% (range: 0 to 22.46%, SD = 0.49). The results of the high DOA classification indicated that among all models, XGBoost-Up, XGBoost-Down, and RF-Down were the top three models, achieving the highest overall scores in evaluation metrics including Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC), sensitivity, precision, and F1-score. The primary factors contributing to the high predictive performance of the models were the number of ducks per truckload, temperature at the lairage area, and average body weight. Additionally, the duration and distance of transportation, as well as the period of transportation, were secondary factors contributing to the outcome. These factors should be further investigated to minimize losses during the pre-slaughter phase in meat-type ducks. Additionally, considering these factors when managing transportation can help create conditions that reduce duck deaths.
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Item type:Publication,
    The effect of different forms of selenium on fatty acid composition in broiler meat
    (2018-12-01)
    Hiranon, N.
    ;
    ;
    The effects of selenium (Se) in diets on fatty acid composition, lipid indices, and enzyme indexes for desaturase, elongase, and thioesterase in Pectoralis muscle of broiler chicken were investigated. A total of 360 one-day-old chicks (Arbor Acres) were randomly assigned to 2 treatments with 6 replicates, giving 30 birds per replicate. The birds were fed ad libitum in 3 feed phases of giving 2 dietary treatments comprised 0.3 ppm of inorganic Se from sodium selenite (Na-Se) and 0.3 ppm of organic Se from Zn-L-selenomethionine (Zn-L-SeMet). At 39 days of age, one bird from each treatment was randomly selected and slaughtered. Pectoralis muscles were collected and stored at -40 °C before fatty acid composition analysis. There were not significantly different between organic and inorganic selenium treatment on fatty acid composition, lipid indices, and enzyme indexes (P>0.05). However, the results demonstrated that Zn-L-SeMet had slightly lower I/A (6.7%) while had higher h/H (4.4%) and MUFA (8%) than Na-Se.
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Item type:Publication,
    Effects of different starch sources in concentrates on meat characteristics, nutrient composition, and collagen solubility of dairy steers
    (2022-01-01)
    Sahatsanon, K.
    ;
    ; ;
    Sawanon, S.
    ;
    Setakul, J.
    The influences of three different starch sources in concentrates - ground corn (CO), ground cassava (CA), and pineapple stem starch (PI) formulated as a 40% in concentrate - on meat quality, texture profile, nutrient composition, and collagen solubility of the Longissimus thoracis (LT) of dairy steers were investigated. Meat quality and texture profile did not differ significantly between treatments (P>0.05). Nutrient composition did not differ between treatments except that ash content of PI was higher than the other treatments (P<0.05). Starch sources had no effect on collagen content and solubility in LT muscle. Based on the results of this study, pineapple stem starch can be used as an alternative energy source in concentrates without negative effects on meat characteristics.
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Item type:Publication,
    Preslaughter handling factors affecting dead on arrival, condemnations, and bruising in broiler chickens raised without an antibiotic program
    (2023-08-01)
    Pirompud, Pranee
    ;
    ;
    Punyapornwithaya, Veerasak
    ;
    In Thailand, knowledge about the factors affecting broiler losses during the preslaughter process is very limited, especially for broilers raised without an antibiotic program. The objective of this study was to determine the preslaughter factors that influence the incidence of dead on arrival (DOA), condemnations, and bruising in broilers raised without antibiotics. Data from 13,581 truckloads of broilers raised without an antibiotic program in 95 contract farms of one of Thailand's largest broiler producers in 2021 were analyzed using a generalized linear mixed model that accounted for farm as a random effect. Results showed that the following risk factors were associated with the occurrence of DOA, condemnations, and bruising: season, time of transport, sex, age at slaughter, mortality and culling rate, and weight per crate. While mean body weight affected the incidence of condemnations and bruising, transport time and lairage time affected DOA and bruising. Feed withdrawal time affected DOA and condemnations. Rearing stocking density only affected condemnation rate. Reducing or eliminating the effects of these risk factors could reduce production losses due to DOA, condemnations, and bruising, thereby improving animal welfare and producer profitability. Reducing weight per crate could reduce DOA, condemnations, and bruising. Reducing lairage time could reduce DOA and bruising, while reducing feed withdrawal time could reduce DOA and condemnations. Raising broilers at a younger age with a lower slaughter weight could prevent the occurrence of DOA, condemnations, and bruising.
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Item type:Publication,
    Effects of guanidinoacetic acid supplementation on productive performance, pectoral myopathies, and meat quality of broiler chickens
    (2021-11-01)
    Khalil, Shady
    ;
    Saenbungkhor, Nualprae
    ;
    Kesnava, Kajorn
    ;
    ;
    Sitthigripong, Ronachai
    The effects of guanidinoacteic acid (GAA) supplementation on productive performance, pectoral myopathies, and meat quality of broilers were studied. Treatments consisted of corn/soybean-based diets with a GAA supplement (0%, 0.06%, and 0.12%). A total of 546 one-day-old Ross-308 males were randomly allocated to 42 floor pens with 14 replicates (13 birds/pens) for each treatment. The results showed that GAA at doses of 0.06% and 0.12% improved feed conversion, increased the percentage of normal breast, and decreased the severity of wooden breast. Breast muscle myopathy severity was positively correlated with heavy birds and negatively correlated with breast muscle creatine and glycogen. Breast muscle creatine and glycogen correlated positively with normal, less severe pectoral myopathies and meat quality. In conclusion, GAA supplementation improved broiler performance without exacerbating pectoral myopathy or affecting meat quality.
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Item type:Publication,
    Predictive modeling of bruising in broiler chickens using machine learning algorithms
    (2025-11-01)
    Pirompud, Pranee
    ;
    ;
    Punyapornwithaya, Veerasak
    ;
    Bruising chicken broiler is caused by physical stress and injury to the skin and underlying tissues is a major problem in poultry production, affecting both animal welfare and economic outcomes. The aim of this study was to classify the bruising class (low or high percentage of carcass showing bruise at slaughterhouse) per truckload comparing the predictive performance of six machine learning (ML) models– Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO), Classification Tree (CT), Random Forest (RF), Naïve Bayes (NB), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB)– and using a data set including information about season, time of transport, sex of the flock, flock size, chicken age, chicken mean body weight, housing stocking density, on farm mortality and culling rate, and feed withdrawal time. The general objective was to offer tools for the early detection of flocks with a higher likelihood of bruising and to highlight how ML can support decision-making, strengthen welfare monitoring programs, and reduce economic losses in commercial broiler production. The dataset comprised 26,031 truckloads, each averaging 3,026 ± 245 broilers, and included 14 predictors spanning the rearing, catching, transportation, and slaughtering phases. Data were collected from a commercial broiler producer in Thailand between 2021 and 2022. Bruising percentages ranged from 0 to 4%, with values above 0.8% classified as high, accounting for 41.4% of all truckloads. Due to this distribution, model training was conducted without resampling. Among the evaluated models, the XGB algorithm outperformed the other five machine learning models in predicting bruising in broilers, although the overall predictive accuracy was moderate, likely due to the absence of certain key variables. The most important variables included mean body weight, transport duration, in housing and transport crate stocking density, transport distance, mortality and culling rate throughout the birds' entire life at the farm, feed withdrawal time, and duration in lairage. These findings demonstrate the utility of ML, especially XGB, for supporting early identification of broiler flocks prone to bruising. By applying targeted management interventions—such as maintaining bird health, in housing and transport crate stocking density, feed withdrawal, and lairage duration—producers can mitigate bruising, thereby enhancing both animal welfare and operational efficiency.
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Item type:Publication,
    Effect of dietary organic and inorganic selenium on carcass composition and meat characteristics of broiler chickens
    (2018-12-01)
    Jamnongtoi, P.
    ;
    ;
    The effects of organic Zn-L-selenomethionine (Zn-L-SeMet) and inorganic sodium selenite (Na-Se) on broiler chickens'carcass composition and meat characteristics were compared. The 360 one-day-old broiler chickens subjected to a 3 phases feeding program with basal diets of corn-soy. The chickens were divided into 2 groups supplemented with 0.3 ppm of Zn-L-SeMet or Na-Se throughout 37 days of raising period. Each treatment consisted of 6 replicated with 30 male broilers. Birds were deprived of feed for 12 h and weighed prior to slaughter. Three birds from each treatment replicate were sacrificed by cervical dislocation before carcass compositions were measured. Breast muscles were collected and then determined meat characteristics. Carcass composition was not affected (P>0.05) by different selenium sources. Chicken fed Zn-L-SeMet had higher cooking loss and lower color of L* value compared to those fed with Na-Se. Shear force value of Zn-L-SeMet was significant lower than Na-Se at 1 day postmortem but the effect of selenium sources was not significant later than at 4 day post mortem.
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Item type:Publication,
    Modeling and Forecasting Dead-on-Arrival in Broilers Using Time Series Methods: A Case Study from Thailand
    (2025-04-01)
    Jainonthee, Chalita
    ;
    ;
    Pirompud, Pranee
    ;
    Punyapornwithaya, Veerasak
    ;
    Srisawang, Supitchaya
    Antibiotic-free (ABF) broiler production plays an important role in promoting sustainable and welfare-oriented poultry farming. However, this production system presents challenges, particularly an increased susceptibility to stress and mortality during transport. This study aimed to (i) analyze time series data on the monthly percentage of dead-on-arrival (%DOA) and (ii) compare the performance of various time series models. Data on %DOA from 127,578 broiler transport truckloads recorded between 2018 and 2024 were aggregated into monthly %DOA values. The data were then decomposed to identify trends and seasonal patterns. The time series models evaluated in this study included SARIMA, NNAR, TBATS, ETS, and XGBoost. These models were trained using data from January 2018 to December 2023, and their forecasting accuracy was evaluated on test data from January to December 2024. Model performance was assessed using multiple error metrics, including MAE, MAPE, MASE, and RMSE. The results revealed a distinct seasonal pattern in %DOA. Among the evaluated models, TBATS and ETS demonstrated the highest forecasting accuracy when applied to the test data, with MAPE values of 21.2% and 22.1%, respectively. These values were considerably lower than those of NNAR at 54.4% and XGBoost at 29.3%. Forecasts for %DOA in 2025 showed that SARIMA, TBATS, ETS, and XGBoost produced similar trends and patterns. This study demonstrated that time series forecasting can serve as a valuable decision-support tool in ABF broiler production. By facilitating proactive planning, these models can help reduce transport-related mortality, improve animal welfare, and enhance overall operational efficiency.
  • Some of the metrics are blocked by your 
    Item type:Publication,
    Changes in Carcass Condemnation During a Six-Year Transition from Antibiotic-Based to Antibiotic-Free Broiler Production in Thailand: A Bayesian Structural Time-Series Analysis
    (2026-07-01)
    Punyapornwithaya, Veerasak
    ;
    Siriyakhun, Supitchaya
    ;
    Jainonthee, Chalita
    ;
    Pichpol, Duangporn
    ;
    Pirompud, Pranee
    The transition from antibiotic-based (AB) to antibiotic-free (ABF) broiler production represents a major shift in poultry management, with potential implications for flock health, welfare, and processing outcomes. This study evaluated its impact on condemnation percentage (%condemnation) using Bayesian structural time-series (BSTS) analysis. Data from a Thai integrator comprised 105,899 truckload-level records (2015–2020) across 260 contract farms. The AB period (2015–2017) served as the baseline, and the ABF period (2018–2020) was assessed using counterfactual projections. Time-series decomposition and change-point analysis revealed an increasing trend in %condemnation during the early phase of ABF implementation, followed by a decline in 2020, with five structural shifts detected. The BSTS model estimated an absolute effect of +1.10% (95% CI: −1.50 to 3.80; p = 0.207) and a relative effect of +95% (95% CI: −38% to 657%), indicating no statistically significant causal impact. The transient increase may reflect short-term adaptation challenges, whereas subsequent stabilization may be associated with adaptation to ABF production and other concurrent management changes. Overall, the transition from AB to ABF production did not significantly affect %condemnation. Adaptive management measures were implemented as a company-wide policy but were not directly evaluated within the BSTS framework.