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Thermodynamic and Emission Performance of SOFC-GT Hybrids with Dual Recirculation Strategies
(2026-01-01)
Pholboorn, Suthin
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Patcharavorachot, Yaneeporn
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Saebea, Dang
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Arpornwichanop, Amornchai
Solid oxide fuel cell–gas turbine (SOFC-GT) hybrid systems offer high efficiency and low emissions for sustainable power generation. This study compares two SOFC-GT configurations with different exhaust gas recirculation strategies: SOFC-GT-RAN (anode recirculation) and SOFC-GT-RAB (afterburner recirculation). Both systems were modeled in Aspen Plus using methane with 10% pre-reforming. Parametric analyses were conducted to examine the influence of fuel utilization, steam-to-carbon ratio, SOFC operating temperature, and recirculation ratio on system performance. The results show that SOFC-GT-RAN consistently outperforms SOFC-GT-RAB in terms of power output, efficiency, and CO<inf>2</inf> emissions. At optimal conditions (SOFC temperature = 1173 K, fuel utilization = 0.90, steam-to-carbon ratio = 2.0, anode recirculation ratio = 0.30, afterburner recirculation ratio = 0.10), SOFC-GT-RAN achieved SOFC and net powers of 208.51 kW and 207.47 kW, compared to 156.43 kW and 158.01 kW for SOFC-GT-RAB. Energy and exergy efficiencies were 93.18% and 89.81% for RAN, substantially higher than 70.96% and 68.40% for RAB. Moreover, CO<inf>2</inf> emissions were lower for RAN (205.98 kg/MWh) than for RAB (268.82 kg/MWh). These findings confirm that anode exhaust gas recirculation provides superior technical and environmental performance, highlighting SOFC-GT-RAN as a promising pathway for efficient and clean hybrid power generation.
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Energetic, economic, and environmental perspectives on systematic design and energy management of a power-to-methane system integrated with power cycle
(2025-12-01)
Saebea, Dang
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Arpornwichanop, Amornchai
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Patcharavorachot, Yaneeporn
The methanation process transforms CO<inf>2</inf> into green methane by combining it with hydrogen from solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs). Efficient energy management of the integrated system, along with effective heat utilization from methanation for power generation, enhances system efficiency. This study compares four configurations of a system incorporating SOECs, methanation, and the Rankine cycle, focusing on energetic, economic, and environmental performance. The impact of gas recycling in the adiabatic methanator on system performance was also investigated. Key findings reveal that incorporating a water separation unit and increasing the gas recycle ratio significantly improve methane yield and CO<inf>2</inf> utilization. Systems with water removal through heat integration achieve overall efficiencies of 50.17 to 52.27%. The levelized product cost of the system with water removal is lower, ranging from 195.27 to 223.05 $/MWh, and it produces the lowest CO<inf>2</inf> emission intensity at 119.91 kgCO<inf>2</inf> per MWhCH<inf>4</inf>.
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Energy analysis and life cycle assessment of furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural integrated biorefinery processes with heat pump-assisted reactive distillation
(2025-03-15)
Wiranarongkorn, Kunlanan
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Im-Orb, Karittha
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Saebea, Dang
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Patcharavorachot, Yaneeporn
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Arpornwichanop, Amornchai
Bio-based products, such as biochemicals and bioenergy, have received considerable attention in efforts to mitigate the effects of climate change. In this study, an integrated biorefinery process for the production of furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) using sugarcane bagasse is proposed. Three process scenarios were compared: the integrated process of HMF and furfural production using (i) conventional reactive distillation (RD), (2) heat pump-assisted RD, and (3) heat pump-assisted RD with heat integration. The comparison focused on energy efficiency and life cycle analysis. The simulation results revealed that the overall energy efficiency of the proposed process could increase by 14.5 % with the additional heat pump to the RD column at a pressure ratio of 1.4 due to a reduction of external energy consumption. This improvement reduced the environmental impact of natural gas combustion for utility production. Specifically, the global warming potential of processes involving heat pump-assisted RD without and with heat integration decreased by 16.66 % and 80.08 %, respectively, compared to conventional RD. These results indicate that incorporating heat pump-assisted RD and implementing effective heat management within the integrated biorefinery process significantly decreased external energy consumption, leading to substantial environmental benefits.
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Sustainable Production of Biomethanol and Its Environmental Impacts
(2025-01-01)
Detchusananard, Thanaphorn
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Im-Orb, Karittha
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Wiranarongkorn, Kunlanan
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Chen, Yong Song
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Arpornwichanop, Amornchai
Utilizing biomass and biogas sourced from various organic waste materials as renewable feedstocks for biomethanol production offers a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum oil, and natural gas. This chapter provides an exploration of several technologies employed in biomethanol production, including biomass gasification, biomass pyrolysis, and biogas upgrading. Syngas production and conditioning, methanol synthesis and separation, and integrating systems with other renewable energy sources are found to be crucial stages towards achieving sustainable production. The chapter comprehensively evaluates the technical, economic, and environmental aspects of each biomethanol production process. Furthermore, it delves into ongoing efforts to improve and develop biomethanol-production processes to achieve the carbon neutrality goals. The chapter also outlines emerging trends and future research directions in the field of biomethanol production.
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Predictive Modeling and Optimization of Biogas Reforming and Proton-Conducting SOFCs Integrated System
(2025-01-01)
Patcharavorachot, Yaneeporn
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Saebea, Dang
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Arpornwichanop, Amornchai
In this study, the power generation performance of a proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cell (H-SOFC) integrated with biogas steam reforming is investigated to determine the optimal operating conditions. The system design and process simulation are carried out using Aspen Plus. The effects of three key operating parameters - reformer temperature, steam-to-biogas (S/C) molar ratio, and SOFC operating temperature - on electrical performance and CO emissions are examined. Predictive modeling is developed using a Regression Tree to capture the relationship between input parameters and performance indicators. Subsequently, a Genetic Algorithm (GA) is employed to identify the optimal operating conditions that maximize power output and SOFC efficiency while minimizing CO emissions. The results indicate that the optimal reformer temperature is 1024.26 K with an S/C ratio of 1.5, and the H-SOFC should operate at 1024.53 K, yielding a power output of 427.60 kW, an SOFC efficiency of 43.53%, and CO<inf>2</inf> emissions of 226.62 g/kWh. This demonstrates that the integrated system provides a highly efficient and low-carbon power generation solution.
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Co-pyrolysis of biomass/polyurethane foam waste: Thermodynamic study using Aspen Plus
(2024-10-01)
Patcharavorachot, Yaneeporn
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Pradiskhean, Supanat
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Aentung, Tanawat
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Saebea, Dang
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Arpornwichanop, Amornchai
Due to the varieties and identical feature of solid waste, this research aims to consider the use of various feedstocks in pyrolysis process for liquid fuel production. The feedstock considered covers woody and non-woody biomass and plastic waste which are represented by sawdust (SD), palm leaf (PL) and polyurethane foam (PU) waste. In this research, both pure solid waste and the co-pyrolysis of biomass and plastic wastes were determined based on thermodynamics study. The model of pyrolysis process developed through Aspen Plus simulator was implemented to study the product yield, higher heating value (HHV) and energy consumption with a wider range of pyrolysis temperature and blending weight ratio. The simulation results clearly showed that the use of pure PU waste can provide the highest oil yield (∼44 wt%) which is corresponded to highest HHV (∼28 MJ/kg). The pyrolysis, operating at 400 °C, can provide the most significant quantity of oil. For the co-pyrolysis, the results revealed that more PU waste blended in both biomasses can improve both oil yield and HHV while the energy consumption is lower. From the simulation results, the optimal blending weight ratio of biomass and PU waste at 25:75 can provide suitable oil yield (∼43 wt%), HHV (∼26 MJ/kg) and energy consumption (243 kW).
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Integrated System of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell and Ethanol Partial Oxidation: Process Simulation and Heat Exchanger Network
(2024-01-01)
Saebea, Dang
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Thanomjit, Chollaphan
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Arpornwichanop, Amornchai
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Patcharavorachot, Yaneeporn
A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) fueled by reformate obtained from an ethanol partial oxidation (POX) was investigated regarding electrical and the thermal performances. Performance analysis was performed through Aspen Plus simulator. Gas compositions obtained from POX and SOFC were computed through the Gibbs free energy minimization method. Three voltage losses that include activation, ohmic and concentration losses was considered in an electrochemical model. Effects of operating parameters in both POX and SOFC on performance of SOFC-POX system were examined. From the simulation results, it was found that the suitable condition of POX was at the reformer temperature of 700 ℃ and oxygen to ethanol molar ratio of 0.1. While, the operating temperature of SOFC should be 900 ℃. Under these operating conditions, the maximum electrical and thermal efficiencies of 67.24% and 25.77%, respectively, can be achieved. Finally, the heat integration of the SOFC-POX system was considered using pinch analysis. The minimum cold utility is 88.1 kW while the hot utility is no need for this system.
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Production of bio-dimethyl ether from oil palm residue via integrated gasification and direct DME synthesis process
(2023-09-12)
Im-Orb, Karittha
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Arpornwichanop, Amornchai
The production of bio-dimethyl ether via an integration of biomass gasification and direct DME synthesis (IBG-DME) was studied. The oil palm residue was a considered feedstock. The parametric analysis was done to examine the impact of gasifying temperature on the product composition, energy demand of each unit and overall process using the developed Aspen plus model. The high gasifying temperature offered high production rate of valuable products (bio-DME and bio-methanol), and low CO2 emission. The IBG-DME process could operate at thermal self-sufficient condition when gasifying temperature was maintained at 882 °C. The maximum yield of bio-DME of 0.3472 kg.h-1 could be achieved at gasifying temperature of 950 °C. At this condition, the CO2 emission, overall energy consumption and energy efficiency were 0.7457 kg.h-1, 0.00776 kW and 59.76 %, respectively.
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Comparative energy, economic, and environmental analyses of power-to-gas systems integrating SOECs in steam-electrolysis and co-electrolysis and methanation
(2023-07-01)
Patcharavorachot, Yaneeporn
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Chatrattanawet, Narissara
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Arpornwichanop, Amornchai
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Saebea, Dang
The integration of solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOEC) and methanation as a power-to-gas system is a promising technology for renewable energy storage and CO<inf>2</inf> utilization. SOEC can operate in both modes: water electrolysis for hydrogen production and water/carbon dioxide co-electrolysis for syngas production. The operating conditions and performance of the integrated systems between the methanation and SOECs with both modes are different. To study the direct and indirect utilization of CO<inf>2</inf> in the methanation integrating SOEC with both modes, this study focuses on the comparative analysis of two integrated systems between the methanation and SOECs with water electrolysis mode and co-electrolysis mode for green natural gas production from fermentation waste in all aspects such as energy and economic analyses. Additionally, heat integration of both integrated systems with pinch analysis is studied. Results indicate that the methane yield of mixed CO and CO<inf>2</inf> methanation is higher than that of CO<inf>2</inf> methanation. The integrated system between the methanation and SOEC with co-electrolysis mode achieves a higher system efficiency, compared to that of a system using SOEC with water electrolysis mode. The efficiency of both systems can be improved by heat integration which increases by 4.60–6.09%. Moreover, the levelized cost of the product in the system using SOEC with water electrolysis of 201.35–211.86 $/MWh is lower than that of the system using SOEC with co-electrolysis mode. The CO<inf>2</inf> emission intensities of the system using SOEC with co-electrolysis mode by power consumption sources from the wind turbine are the lowest about 1.37 kgCO<inf>2</inf>,e/kWh.
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Process Optimization and CO2 Emission Analysis of Coal/Biomass Gasification Integrated with a Chemical Looping Process
(2023-03-01)
Sornumpol, Ratikorn
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Saebea, Dang
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Arpornwichanop, Amornchai
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Patcharavorachot, Yaneeporn
Biomass gasification is an attractive technology and one of the pathways for producing hydrogen. Due to the variable seasons and low calorific value of biomass, the addition of coal in the gasifier is suggested because coal has a high calorific value and carbon-to-hydrogen ratio. In general, the gaseous product obtained in gasification always contains a high amount of carbon dioxide, therefore, the co-gasification of biomass and coal should integrate with the calcium looping carbon dioxide capture process to provide purified hydrogen. In this work, the model of the co-gasification of biomass and coal integrated with the calcium looping carbon dioxide capture process was developed through an Aspen Plus simulator. The developed model was used to analyze the performance of this process. The sensitivity analysis demonstrated that increasing the gasification temperature, steam-to-feed (S/F) ratio, calcium oxide-to-feed (CaO/F) ratio, and regenerator temperature could improve hydrogen production. Next, further optimization was performed to identify the optimal operating condition that maximizes hydrogen production. The results showed that the optimal operating temperature of the gasifier is 700 °C with an S/F mass ratio of 2 and coal to biomass (C/B) mass ratio of 0.75:0.25. However, the carbonator and regenerator temperatures should be 450 °C and 950 °C, respectively, with a CaO/F mass ratio of 3. Under these operating conditions, the maximum H<inf>2</inf> content and H<inf>2</inf> yield can be provided as 99.59%vol. (dry basis) and 92.38 g hydrogen/kg biomass feeding. The other results revealed that the energy efficiency and carbon capture efficiency of this process are 42.86% and 99.99%, respectively, and that the specific emission of released CO<inf>2</inf> is 80.77 g CO<inf>2</inf>/MJ.

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