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Comparative analysis of anti-soiling coatings for PV modules in a tropical climate
(2025-11-01)
Sakarapunthip, Nattakarn
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Nukunudompanich, Meethawee
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Sittipunsakda, Oranoot
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Sangpongsanont, Yaowanee
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Chuangchote, Surawut
The accumulation of dust on photovoltaic (PV) modules significantly reduces their efficiency, making anti-soiling coatings (ASCs) an essential solution. However, comprehensive comparisons of different ASC technologies under real-world conditions remain limited. This study systematically evaluates four ASC types (surfactant, hydrophilic-photocatalyst, hydrophilic-antistatic, and hydrophobic coatings) to assess their adhesion strength, durability, anti-soiling performance, and impact on PV energy output in a tropical environment. Surface morphologies and elemental compositions of ASCs were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), while adhesion performance was examined through tape tests and contact angle measurements. The coatings were field-tested on PV modules in two distinct environments: a rooftop PV system near a mangrove area and a PV power plant near an agricultural zone, with data collected over both dry and rainy seasons. Results indicate that hydrophobic coatings exhibited the highest durability and anti-soiling efficiency, followed by hydrophilic-antistatic, hydrophilic-photocatalyst, and surfactant coatings. The hydrophobic coating also demonstrated the most significant improvement in PV energy output, making it the most effective long-term solution. Additionally, this study evaluates the environmental and economic feasibility of ASC application, highlighting the trade-offs between coating effectiveness and maintenance costs. These findings provide critical insights into selecting optimal ASC technologies for PV systems in high-soiling regions, bridging the gap between laboratory research and real-world performance.
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Electrospinning of SnO2-TiO2nanofiber/nanorod composites for uses as electron transport layers in flexible perovskite solar cells
(2024-05-17)
Nukunudompanich, Methawee
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Roongraung, Kamonchanok
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Sanglee, Kanyanee
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Lekkla, Wassana
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Chuangchote, Surawut
In perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the most commonly used electron transport layers (ETLs) are titanium dioxide (TiO2) and tin oxide (SnO2). The problem with SnO2 is that its conduction band does not match that of perovskites, while TiO2's photocatalytic nature can destroy perovskite materials. Additionally, these ETLs are typically applied in the form of nanoparticles. Electrospinning was used to produce composite nanofibers or nanorods of SnO2-TiO2 to improve the photovoltaic performance of flexible PSCs, which are required for flexible electronic devices. SnO2-TiO2 nanofibers or NRs as ETLs assist perovskites in harvesting light, separating excitons, extracting and collecting electrons, blocking holes, and preventing perovskites from decomposing and forming defects. PSCs containing SnO2-TiO2 nanoparticles have been produced. From the J-V characteristics of flexible-PSCs, the use of SnO2-TiO2 nanofibers improved the power conversion efficiency of the solar cells. A higher current density was obtained. This occurs because the 1D structure allows for more freely moving electrons. Comparing SnO2 nanoparticles and TiO2 nanofibers, an SnO2-TiO2 layer provides superior charge mobility and helps improve strength of the bonding at the perovskite/ITO interface. It is superior to SnO2 NPs and TiO2 nanofibers in reducing surface recombination.
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Intermediate matching layer for light-induced performance and removable clip-on applications of four-terminal perovskite/silicon heterojunction tandem solar cells
(2023-05-01)
Sanglee, Kanyanee
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Sakunkaewkasem, Siwakorn
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Piromjit, Channarong
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Nukunudompanich, Methawee
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Kanjanaboos, Pongsakorn
Perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells are one of the most efficient ways to improve the performance of the photovoltaic industry and should be viewed as a promising path in the photovoltaic field. The silicon photovoltaic modules have a lifespan of over 20 years, while the low device stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) remains a significant commercialization barrier. An air gap acts as an optical spacer layer for four terminal (4T) perovskite/silicon tandem cells, resulting in a loss of efficiency. Using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as an intermediate matching layer (IML) and a clip-on design made of a PDMS-based material sandwiched between polyvinyl chloride (PVC) layers with the configuration of PVC/IML/PVC, this research not only achieved efficiency improvement of four-contact tandem solar cells but also greatly simplified disassembly of individual cells. The 4T perovskite/silicon heterojunction tandem cells with a clip-on design achieved the highest efficiency of 23.49% for the active area of 1 cm2, while the fully tandem configuration without a clip-on layer only exhibited a PCE of 22.83%. The clip-on technology has the potential to boost the current density of silicon heterojunction solar cells from 15.01 mA/cm2 (for the filtered bottom cell with an air gap) up to 16.51 mA/cm2 (for the filtered bottom cell with a clip-on). Therefore, this state-of-the-art allows for the removal of PSCs with a shorter lifespan while adhering two photovoltaic cells together securely and effectively.
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The current state of the art in internal additive materials and quantum dots for improving efficiency and stability against humidity in perovskite solar cells
(2022-12-01)
Sanglee, Kanyanee
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Nukunudompanich, Methawee
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Part, Florian
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Zafiu, Christian
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Bello, Gianluca
The remarkable optoelectronic capabilities of perovskite structures enable the achievement of astonishingly high-power conversion efficiencies on the laboratory scale. However, a critical bottleneck of perovskite solar cells is their sensitivity to the surrounding humid environment affecting drastically their long-term stability. Internal additive materials together with surface passivation, polymer-mixed perovskite, and quantum dots, have been investigated as possible strategies to enhance device stability even in unfavorable conditions. Quantum dots (QDs) in perovskite solar cells enable power conversion efficiencies to approach 20%, making such solar cells competitive to silicon-based ones. This mini-review summarized the role of such QDs in the perovskite layer, hole-transporting layer (HTL), and electron-transporting layer (ETL), demonstrating the continuous improvement of device efficiencies.
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Self-healing carbon fiber-reinforced polymers for aerospace applications
(2022-08-29)
Chuangchote, Surawut
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Nukunudompanich, Methawee
Self-healing carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs) have been explored in-depth since the 2000s. Microcapsules, vascular networks, dissolved thermoplastics, and reversible interactions can be used to give polymer matrix composites with self-healing properties. Recent improvements, particularly epoxy employed as a matrix phase in carbon fiber-reinforced polymers, are chosen and examined in terms of their repair mechanisms, validation testing methods, and any other attributes that might be relevant in aerospace applications. Extrinsic self-healing, which is pioneered in this field, paves the way for more modern approaches that take advantage of intrinsic self-molecular healing pathways. The latter appears to be the more promising self-healing carbon fiber-reinforced polymers in the long run. Self-healing carbon fiber-reinforced polymers are critical for increasing aircraft fatigue, impact, and corrosion resistance. Complex aviation composite geometries that are formerly made using time-consuming and expensive techniques (e.g. autoclave) can now be made utilizing simpler (and hence less expensive) processes, such as co-electrospinning, vacuum-assisted injection molding, or hand-lay up molding. Engines, fuselages, and aerostructures, as well as anticorrosion coatings, have profited from the usage of self-healing carbon fiber-reinforced polymers. Each area demands its own set of processes for improvement. Anyhow, carbon fiber-reinforced polymers face some problems of disposal and recycling.
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Xylitol and gluconic acid productions via photocatalytic-glucose conversion using TiO2 fabricated by surfactant-assisted techniques: Effects of structural and textural properties
(2017-08-01)
Payormhorm, Jiraporn
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Chuangchote, Surawut
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Kiatkittipong, Kunlanan
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Chiarakorn, Siriluk
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Laosiripojana, Navadol
High-value chemicals can be converted from biomass and its derivatives by various methods. In this work, gluconic acid was obtained from photocatalytic conversion of glucose with synthesized TiO<inf>2</inf>. Moreover, another high-value chemical, xylitol, was firstly found from the photocatalysis in this work. Arabinose and formic acid are other co-products obtained from the reactions. Two surfactants, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), were used in conventional sol-gel (SG), ultrasonication sol-gel (US), and hydrothermal (HD) methods to fabricate TiO<inf>2</inf> with different structural and textural properties. Appropriate surface area and phase composition of TiO<inf>2</inf> for production of the highest yields of gluconic acid and xylitol were investigated. It was found that all surfactant-assisted fabrications increased surface area and anatase content of TiO<inf>2</inf> photocatalysts, resulting in high glucose conversion and high yields of xylitol, arabinose and formic acid. The highest yield of xylitol (6.45%) was obtained from US/CTAB-TiO<inf>2</inf>. Unfortunately, the yield of gluconic acid did not increase by increasing time, because it was also decomposed during photocatalysis. The moderate photocatalysis was found from SG/PEG-TiO<inf>2</inf> (100% anatase, surface area 5.93 m2/g) that provided the highest yield of gluconic acid (7.6%) in 120 min.

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