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Hamiltonian Control Law with State Observer on Practical Design of Wireless Power Transfer for Autonomous Guided Vehicle Battery Charging Applications
(2026-01-01)
Pairindra, Worapong
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Somboonpanya, Nattapon
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Ketjaem, Supakorn
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Phongsawat, Suwaphit
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Phophongviwat, Teeraphon
This paper presents the design and calculation of wireless power transfer (WPT) integrated with the Hamiltonian Control Law. The proposed controller demonstrates greater effectiveness in terms of system stability and precise energy control, as compared to the commonly used PI controller in industrial applications. The proposed prototype has been built for assessment in both simulation and implementation, with a rated output power of 500 W and 48 V. The load-independent compensating topology, such as the LCC-S resonant tank, is used to transmit power wirelessly through an air core. Finally, in the last stage, the Hamiltonian Control Law with state observer is applied on the dc-to-dc buck mode converter to control the battery current and overall system. Apparently, the charging current can be precisely regulated to a specific value.
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Enhanced adaptive Hamiltonian control strategy for battery-ultracapacitor hybrid systems in electric vehicle applications
(2025-12-01)
Mungporn, Pongsiri
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Khomfoi, Surin
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Namin, Anon
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Thongpron, Jutturit
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Yodwong, Burin
This paper presents an enhanced Hamiltonian control law integrated with differential flatness theory, designed for hybrid vehicle systems utilizing batteries and ultracapacitors (UCs). Compared to conventional methods, the proposed approach improves transient stability, enables dynamic power sharing, and reduces battery stress under rapid load variations, making it particularly effective for commercial electric vehicle (EV) applications. These vehicles operate under dynamic load conditions such as frequent acceleration, breaking, and regenerative events, which demand high-performance power management. The primary objective of the proposed control law is to manage power flow and optimize energy utilization in such hybrid systems. By combining Hamiltonian control with differential flatness techniques, the strategy dynamically regulates energy distribution between the battery and the UC. This is particularly relevant in DC microgrid applications, including vehicle systems, where constant power load (CPL) challenges frequently arise. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy, an experimental test bench was developed using a Li-ion battery module (LFeLi-48,100 TB, 48 V, 100 Ah) and a UC module (188.88 F, 51.3 V). Experimental results confirm the superior performance of the proposed control law throughout various load–drive cycles.
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The Development of a 1 kW Mid-Range Wireless Power Transfer Platform for Autonomous Guided Vehicle Applications Using an LCC-S Resonant Compensator
(2025-06-01)
Pairindra, Worapong
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Phongsawat, Suwaphit
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Phophongviwat, Teeraphon
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Khomfoi, Surin
This study presents the development, simulation, and hardware implementation of a 48 V, 1 kW mid-range wireless power transfer (WPT) platform for autonomous guided vehicle (AGV) charging in industrial applications. The system uses an LCC-S compensation topology, selected for its ability to maintain a constant output voltage and deliver high efficiency even under load variations at a typical coil distance of 15 cm. It can also operate at different distances by adjusting the compensator circuit. A proportional–integral (PI) controller is implemented for current regulation, offering a practical, low-cost solution well suited to industrial embedded systems. Compared to advanced control strategies, the PI controller provides sufficient accuracy with minimal computational demand, enabling reliable operation in real-world environments. Current adjustment can be dynamically carried out in response to real-time changes and continuously monitored based on the AGV battery’s state of charge (SOC). Simulation and experimental results validate the system’s performance, achieving over 80% efficiency and demonstrating its feasibility for scalable, robust AGV charging in Industry 4.0 Manufacturing Settings.
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A Bidirectional LCC-S Compensator on Wireless Power Transfer with Constant Voltage
(2025-01-01)
Songcharoentrap, Saranyoo
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Trachu, Koson
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Pairindra, Worapong
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Khomfoi, Surin
This paper studies a bidirectional wireless power transfer (BD-WPT) system designed for electric vehicles (EVs) operating at 400V input, 350V output, 11kW, and 85kHz. The bidirectional power electronic devices that function as inverters or rectifiers with relays are employed to alter the direction of power flow between the source and the vehicle in the bidirectional DC-DC converter, which utilizes the LCC-S resonant circuit that is designed separately for the source and vehicle. MATLAB/Simulink is used to conduct the validation. The output voltage on both the source and the vehicle sides can be regulated to a specific level.
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Smart Home Energy Management using BEVSE for Vehicle-to-Home (V2H) Systems
(2025-01-01)
Ketjaem, Supakorn
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Khomfoi, Surin
This paper presents a method for managing household energy consumption and production in homes utilizing electric vehicles (EVs). The approach integrates a Home Energy Management System (HEMS) with Bidirectional Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (BEVSE), which enables both charging and discharging of EVs using Vehicle-to-Home (V2H) and Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technologies. These technologies allow EVs to supply power to household appliances and feed energy back into the grid while ensuring that energy consumption and distribution remain within the meter's capacity limits. Simulation results from MATLAB Simulink demonstrate that this approach helps prevent potential damage to the power system, mitigates energy shortages, and enhances grid stability.
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Hamiltonian-Based Approach to Enhance the Stability of Hybrid Fuel Cell and Supercapacitor Sources
(2025-01-01)
Mungporn, Pongsiri
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Kamnarn, Uthen
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Yodwong, Burin
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Khomfoi, Surin
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Pierfederici, Serge
This article aims to study an improved large-signal stability for fuel cell (FC) and supercapacitor (SC) hybrid sources, employing the enhanced Hamiltonian control law. This novel approach addresses the inherent challenges in the dynamic operation of such hybrid systems, characterized by rapid load changes [i.e., constant power load (CPL)] and energy fluctuations. Grounded in energy-based control theory, the Hamiltonian control law accurately manages the energy exchange between the FC, SC, and external load aiming to improve system stability and response efficiency. A comprehensive test bench setup, including a real FC, an SC bank, and programmable loads to simulate the electrical load (i.e., CPL, constant resistive load, and constant current load), was developed to evaluate performance under various operational conditions. The results demonstrate that Hamiltonian-based control significantly enhances the system’s damping properties, ensuring a smoother response to load variations and enhanced stability across different scenarios.
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Hamiltonian/Differential Flatness Control Law for Fuel Cell/Supercapacitor for DC Microgrid Applications
(2025-01-01)
Mungporn, Pongsiri
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Khomfoi, Surin
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Yodwong, Burin
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Bizon, Nicu
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Pierfederici, Serge
This paper presents a Hamiltonian/differential flatness control law designed for the management of fuel cell/supercapacitor hybrid systems in DC microgrid applications. The control strategy aims to optimize energy management while enhancing the efficiency and stability of DC microgrids. By leveraging the complementary characteristics of fuel cells (high energy density, slow dynamics) and supercapacitors (high power density, rapid response), it addresses specific limitations. The energy of the systems is governed by the Hamiltonian framework, while the differential flatness theory enables precise control of system dynamics, ensuring optimal operation and accurate trajectory tracking. To assess the performance of the control algorithm, an experimental test bench has been established. Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the control law in managing a load-drive cycle under constant power load conditions, balancing power flow, reducing fuel cell stress, and extending the life of the supercapacitor.
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EV Charging Station Planning Based on Nearby Station Data
(2024-01-01)
Somboonpanya, Nattapon
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Ketjaem, Supakorn
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Khomfoi, Surin
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Phophongviwat, Teeraphon
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Thounthong, Phatiphat
This paper presents the optimal electric vehicle charging station installation planning, focusing on the installation scenarios where the location is pre-selected. The optimization process includes the maximum charging power capacity and the number of electric vehicles charging stations. Energy consumption information from nearby charging stations is harvested and then analyzed for forecasting the energy supply behavior of each charging station. This paper has a financial analysis to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of each installation scenario. Additionally, this methodology is demonstrated through the real-world data of charging patterns from electric vehicles at each charging station in Thailand.
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A Review of Converters for Green Hydrogen Generation in Consideration of Renewable Energy
(2024-01-01)
Vivanthanarot, Saman
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Khomfoi, Surin
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Phophongviwat, Teeraphon
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Somboonpanya, Nattapon
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Phongsawat, Suwaphit
Hydrogen is set to revolutionize the future energy landscape with its wide-ranging applications across various sectors. With global decarbonization objectives, water electrolysis provides a sustainable way to produce hydrogen, especially when it is driven by renewable energy sources. This process predominantly utilizes grid electricity, but the growing implementation of renewable energy-powered microgrids presents an attractive alternative for hydrogen production. The produced hydrogen can be used not only for electrical generation within the microgrid but also for local heating and as a fuel for transportation. Power converters are crucial in ensuring stability and reliability in hydrogen production. The paper reviews the power electronics converters required to match the DC and AC voltage source with the needs of electrolyzers. Moreover, this paper explores the technologies of electrolyzers powered by renewable energy sources, with a particular focus on wind turbines and PV.
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CC-CV Charging Control Based on Modified Hamiltonian Control Law for EV Application
(2024-01-01)
Somboonpanya, Nattapon
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Khomfoi, Surin
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Phophongviwat, Teeraphon
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Jamshidpour, Ehsan
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Thounthong, Phatiphat
This paper proposes constant current-constant voltage (CC-CV) charging control based on Hamiltonian control law with a state observer for a bidirectional buck-boost converter on an EV charger. The CC-CV charging scheme is mainly utilized to charge lithium-ion batteries on an electric vehicle. In CC mode, the battery is charged with a preset value until the battery voltage reaches the desired equalized voltage. During CV mode, equalized current is used to maintain battery voltage to equalize the battery. In this work, equalization current requires the actual battery voltage, desired battery voltage, and the battery current for its calculation. Additionally, a state observer is implemented to estimate voltage across uncertainties of resistance and the battery current. Also, it can enhance the performance of the proposed control scheme and minimize the required sensors. Furthermore, the 1 kW prototype of the bidirectional buck-boost converter is developed to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed controlled scheme.

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