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Short-term gains, long-term losses: exploring food waste practices of chefs in professional kitchens of casual dining restaurants through the lens of time discounting and habit formation
(2026-09-01)
Sinchai, Ananta
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Koiwanit, Jarotwan
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Chatmarathong, Awirut
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Filimonau, Viachaslau
Food waste in professional kitchens is a significant challenge, but the cognitive and behavioural drivers of chefs' food waste practices remain under-explored. Drawing on the concept of time discounting and habit theory, this study investigates how chefs navigate immediate operational priorities of busy kitchens and how routinised food waste behaviour is formed and maintained. Semi-structured interviews with chefs in Thailand (n = 20) identify a pattern of short-term incentives i.e., speed, aesthetics, and perceived guest satisfaction, reinforcing food waste habits among chefs. Findings reveal that conventional, temporally distant interventions designed to encourage resourceful behaviour, such as monthly food cost reports, fail to disrupt habitual, present-biased wasteful behaviour. Theoretically, the study offers a novel conceptual framework for understanding food waste generation by chefs as a habit loop reinforced by time-discounted decision-making. Practically, it advocates for ‘present-focussed’ interventions, such as real-time feedback on leftover repurposing, to facilitate food waste reduction in professional kitchens.
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Carbon Footprint Assessment of Food Waste Disposal Methods in a Thai Hypermarket’s Fresh Food Department
(2026-04-01)
Hutangkoon, Thunyanat
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Yuangyai, Chumpol
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Puttongsiri, Tongchai
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Filimonau, Viachaslau
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Koiwanit, Jarotwan
The global urgency to mitigate environmental degradation and promote sustainable resource use necessitates effective waste management strategies, particularly in the retail sector, which is a significant contributor to food waste. This study explores the carbon ramifications of food waste disposal methods within a hypermarket’s fresh food department in Bangkok, Thailand. Using the method of life cycle assessment (LCA) under the CML2001 framework, this study evaluates three food waste management methods: anaerobic digestion (AD), sanitary landfill, and mechanical and biological waste treatment (MBT). The analysis is structured to quantify the carbon footprint associated with each waste management strategy, measured in kilograms (kg) of carbon dioxide (CO<inf>2</inf>) equivalent (eq.) per kg of food waste. The estimated carbon footprint is 0.0066 kg CO<inf>2</inf> eq./kg of food waste for MBT, 0.1221 kg CO<inf>2</inf> eq./kg of food waste for AD, and 1.4667 kg CO<inf>2</inf> eq./kg of food waste for sanitary landfill. These values were derived from defined system boundaries, modeling assumptions, and available operational data used to construct the life cycle inventory (LCI). In addition, a formal sensitivity analysis was not conducted in this study. Therefore, the reported values should be interpreted within the context of the modeling assumptions and data sources applied.
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Sustainable urban waste collection using a hybrid heuristic–genetic approach: a Bangkok case study
(2026-01-01)
Hamontree, Chaowalit
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Koiwanit, Jarotwan
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Sinchai, Ananta
Urban waste collection is a critical component of sustainable city development, directly influencing emissions reduction, resource efficiency, and public health. This study develops a hybrid optimization framework combining a Nearest Neighbor Heuristic with a Genetic Algorithm (GA) to optimize municipal waste collection routes in Bangkok, addressing the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) under real-world constraints such as vehicle capacity, time windows, and traffic conditions. The optimized algorithm reduced weekly travel distance by 8.51% and increased average vehicle utilization by 7.78%, translating into projected five-year economic benefits of over 4.7 million Baht and annual GHG emission reduction equivalent to planting approximately 1,750 trees. These findings demonstrate how algorithmic optimization can advance SDG 11 (sustainable cities and communities) and SDG 12 (responsible consumption and production) by aligning technical innovation with environmental and social outcomes. Beyond Bangkok, the framework is scalable to other rapidly urbanizing contexts, offering policymakers a data-driven pathway toward inclusive, low-carbon, and effective waste management systems.
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Correction: Sustainable urban waste collection using a hybrid heuristic–genetic approach: a Bangkok case study (Frontiers in Sustainability, (2026), 6, (1716538), 10.3389/frsus.2025.1716538)
(2026-01-01)
Hamontree, Chaowalit
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Koiwanit, Jarotwan
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Sinchai, Ananta
Waste Management An incorrect number was provided for School of Engineering, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang. The correct number is 2565-02-01-074. The original version of this article has been updated.
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Empirical implementation of coach-cash-connect mentoring model for innovation-driven enterprises in Thailand: Insights for policy development and sustainable growth
(2025-12-01)
Thawesaengskulthai, Natcha
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Chatmarathong, Awirut
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Werasopon, Nirada
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Koiwanit, Jarotwan
This research introduces an operational mentoring framework for Thailand's innovation-driven enterprises (IDEs), structured around the 3Cs: Coach, Cash, and Connect. Developed from international case studies, expert insights, and pilot data, the model addresses ecosystem gaps through tailored guidance, funding access, and network enhancement. It comprises three phases and seven steps: the Foundation Phase (ecosystem entry and connections), the Acceleration Phase (3Cs-focused mentoring), and the Evolution Phase (scaling and improvement). The framework balances structure with adaptability, making it applicable across sectors such as DeepTech, HealthTech, AgriTech, and the creative economy. Policy recommendations include establishing a national mentorship platform, stage-based financing, mentor certification, and integrated monitoring systems aligned with national innovation goals. The model fosters collaboration among incubators, accelerators, and public–private stakeholders while enabling consistent support for scaling startups. Future research should assess long-term impact and explore AI-powered mentor matching and inclusive strategies for women and regional founders. Ultimately, the 3Cs framework offers a scalable, policy-relevant pathway to strengthen IDEs and support Thailand's transition from a startup-focused to a scale-up innovation economy.
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‘Wasting food is normal!’: How food waste can become the (new) norm in casual dining restaurants
(2025-03-01)
Koiwanit, Jarotwan
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Filimonau, Viachaslau
Food waste is a major societal challenge, and hospitality and foodservice organisations make a significant contribution to its occurrence. Although research on food waste in these organisations is emerging, there remains a limited understanding of the underlying reasons behind managerial inaction on its mitigation. This mixed methods study employs neutralization theory, specifically the concept of normalization of deviance, to examine the sociological impediments of effective food waste mitigation among managers of casual dining restaurants in Bangkok, Thailand (n = 17). The findings delineate the process of how food waste can become perceived by managers as a norm and outline the factors contributing to this normalization, namely repeated personal observations of food waste generation, peer reports and media influence. By understanding the determinants of managerial disengagement with food waste mitigation, the study outlines potential interventions exemplified by the design of educational campaigns, regular food waste audits, set-up of corporate goals on food waste reduction and changes to how food waste is presented in the media.
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Impact and policy supporting Thailand innovation driven enterprise: orchestrating university innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem with public and private stakeholders
(2024-12-01)
Thawesaengskulthai, Natcha
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Chatmarathong, Awirut
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Koiwanit, Jarotwan
This research paper aims to investigate the impediments faced by innovation-driven enterprises in Thailand and to explore the current measures, policies, and mechanisms related to innovation-driven enterprises (IDEs)’ development both domestically and internationally. The study encompasses a comprehensive approach, including an analysis of an innovation entrepreneur database comprising 320 investors and 883 IDEs. Moreover, semi-structure in-depth interviews were conducted with three investors, twenty-two IDEs’ founders, eight executives, and experts from various sectors, including government, university incubators, and the private sector in Thailand. Through this multifaceted investigation, this paper sheds light on the key factors that hinder the success of IDEs in Thailand, which primarily revolve around the quality of entrepreneurs (Team), Product and Market Fit, and Support. These factors collectively impact the depth of knowledge, business incubation, acceleration programs, and the effectiveness of laws, measures, and policies in supporting innovation capability development within IDEs. In addition, this paper presents a framework for Thailand’s IDEs hub, facilitating the connection between the university's innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem with public and private stakeholders. This framework serves as a mechanism to address the identified hindrances and foster a conducive environment for IDEs development. To address the obstacles, this paper proposes three crucial strategies, namely, (1) talent management, (2) ease of doing scaleup, and (3) availability of funding. These strategies are envisioned to counteract the identified challenges and can be effectively implemented through an operating model and practical working procedures tailored to suit the specific context of Thailand.
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Sustainable Practices and Environmental Impact Assessment in a Lifelong Learning Center
(2024-01-01)
Koiwanit, Jarotwan
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Areerob, Yonrapach
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Saepoo, Sakkarin
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Filimonau, Viachaslau
Climate change is a major environmental challenge that should be mitigated by all parties concerned. One such party is the KMITL Lifelong Learning Canter (KLLC) which has committed to reducing its environmental externalities, including the impact of its operations on climate change. The idea of a “green KLLC” seeks to reduce adverse effects on the environment and improve indoor environmental quality through the use of natural building materials and biodegradable products, resource conservation (water, energy, paper), responsible waste disposal, and eco-friendly practices (recycling). To reduce these environmental externalities, the environmental performance of the KLLC canter should first be examined to establish measures for improvement. However, accurate evaluations of the environmental impact of Lifelong Learning Centers (LLCs) are uncommon because of the lack of data and the immaturity of appraisal methodologies. With a case study of KLLC, the newest LLC in Thailand, this paper appraises the environmental effects, thus setting benchmarks for subsequent studies. The appraisal demonstrates that the KLLC community can significantly reduce the environmental consequences by using e-certificates, motion sensor light installation, banana leaf packaging, solar cell installation, and carpooling systems. Although e-certificates and banana leaf packaging are the most cost-effective methods of implementation, the adoption of carpooling systems and electric vehicles demonstrates the highest potential for Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions reduction. The paper showcases how KLLC can reduce its GHG emissions and wastes, thus turning into a more environmentally sustainable business.
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Stakeholder collaboration for solid waste management in a small tourism island
(2023-07-01)
Koiwanit, Jarotwan
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Filimonau, Viachaslau
Although stakeholder collaboration is key for sustainable development of tourism in small islands, research on its determinants is only emerging. The lack of empirical studies hampers an understanding of how effective stakeholder partnerships for sustainability in small tourism islands can be formed and sustained. To partially address this knowledge gap, this study explores stakeholder collaboration for solid waste management in the island of Koh Phayam, Thailand, from the perspective of stakeholder theory, social capital and proximity effect. Semi-structured interviews (n = 26) reveal a lack of understanding of collaboration benefits alongside leadership and reciprocity among stakeholders. However, due to geographical proximity, the level of stakeholder trust in each other is significant, thus indicating potential for future successful partnerships. For these partnerships to become effective, a system of financial incentives for stakeholders to separate and recycle solid waste in situ should be designed. To improve stakeholder communication and reciprocity, capacity building workshops and round tables can be organised. Municipal authorities should lead on solid waste management, and a steering committee comprising the representatives of all other stakeholders needs to be established to oversee the work of municipal authorities. Lastly, the feasibility of setting private public partnerships for solid waste management in Koh Phayam should be considered given the significant extent of knowledge and trust among local stakeholders. External stakeholders, such as farmers, can be involved in management of organic waste, thus extending the scope of partnerships for sustainability beyond the island.
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Development of a university innovation ecosystem assessment model for Association of Southeast Asian Nations universities
(2022-12-01)
Chaipongpati, Jirawan
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Thawesaengskulthai, Natcha
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Koiwanit, Jarotwan
Universities are centres of innovation and technology transfer, and they play a particularly strong role in the countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) with developing technology programs. However, there are only a few assessment tools for evaluating a university’s innovation ecosystem, and these tools are frequently lacking either in terms of process orientation or in other gaps. The objective of this research was to develop a model of an innovation ecosystem for an ASEAN university and to identify the relative importance of each factor. A multi-method approach was used. In the Stage 1 research, a Delphi study of ASEAN-based university innovation experts (n = 40) was conducted. This research resulted in a preliminary assessment tool. This tool was then evaluated through a broader survey of university innovation experts in ASEAN (n = 418). The data were analysed using confirmatory factor analysis. The results identified a total of 21 innovation areas in four role-based domains: Leaders and Governors, Educators, Innovators and Connectors. The resulting assessment instrument is suitable for use in university innovation ecosystem development and policy making.

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