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Discovery and characterization of bioactive compounds from Limnophila aromatica: nevadensin and related flavonoids as potent antimicrobial agents
(2025-08-01)
Maswanna, Thanaporn
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Maneeruttanarungroj, Cherdsak
Limnophila aromatica, a traditional medicinal plant, has been previously reported to possess notable antimicrobial properties. However, the specific bioactive constituents responsible for this activity remain largely unidentified. This study aimed to isolate, identify, and evaluate the antibacterial potential of compounds from a 100% ethanolic extract of L. aromatica. The crude ethanolic extract exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and was subsequently subjected to Diaion HP-20 column chromatography, followed by preparative HPLC. Seven major peaks were identified using UV-Vis spectra, LC-QTOF-MS, and NMR analyses. The antibacterial efficacy of these isolated compounds was assessed using disc diffusion and broth microdilution assays against Bacillus subtilis, S. aureus, MRSA, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The isolated compounds were identified as norethindrone acetate, isothymusin, nevadensin, gardenin B, 5,3’-dihydroxy-7,8,2’-trimethoxyisoflavone, jasmolin II, and oleanolic acid. Nevadensin, the predominant compound (79.55%), demonstrated potent bactericidal activity against B. subtilis, S. aureus, and MRSA. Jasmolin II and gardenin B also exhibited promising antibacterial effects. Although the disc diffusion assay was limited by compound diffusion, the broth microdilution method confirmed significant MIC values, ranging from 0.59 to 2.86 mg/ml while the MBC values ranged from 0.59 to 12.72 mg/ml. This study highlights nevadensin and other flavonoids from L. aromatica as potential candidates for the development of alternative antibacterial therapies, particularly against drug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria.
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Identification of major carotenoids from green alga Tetraspora sp. CU2551: partial purification and characterization of lutein, canthaxanthin, neochrome, and β-carotene
(2022-08-01)
Maswanna, Thanaporn
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Maneeruttanarungroj, Cherdsak
The green algae Tetraspora sp. CU2551 was previously identified as a strain with high potential for biohydrogen production; however, its algal biomass characteristics changed from green to reddish orange within 43 days of biohydrogen production. The crude pigments were extracted, partially purified, and characterized by chemical determination. The present study focused on elucidating the carotenoid composition of the selected green alga Tetraspora sp. CU2551. The pigment extract was partially purified and fractionated using thin layer chromatography, and yielded two major and two minor carotenoid bands. The fractions were confirmed by high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector (HPLC–DAD) before being identified and confirmed using Liquid Chromatograph-Quadrupole Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS). The spectral data of these fractions revealed four sub-fractions of interest that were lutein, canthaxanthin, neochrome, and β-carotene, which had percentages in the crude extracts of 30.57%, 25.47%, 7.89%, and 0.71%, respectively. Lutein and canthaxanthin were found to be the major carotenoid pigments present. Our findings in this present study are the first reporting of Tetraspora sp. CU2551 as a potential alternate source for carotenoid pigment production.
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A newly isolated green alga Chlorella sp. KLSc59: potential for biohydrogen production
(2020-10-01)
Sirawattanamongkol, Thanaporn
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Maswanna, Thanaporn
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Maneeruttanarungroj, Cherdsak
Hydrogen production from microalgae has attracted considerable attention due to its high energy content and as a renewable and environmentally friendly energy source. Various strains of microalgae have been reported to produce “biohydrogen”, but screening for new strains is still necessary to discover strains with higher hydrogen yields. A newly isolated hydrogen-producing green alga was screened and labeled Chlorella sp. KLSc59. The effect of extracellular pH, light intensity, external carbon sources, reducing agents, and nutrient deprivation on biohydrogen production of Chlorella sp. KLSc59 were investigated. Hydrogen yield was higher under anaerobic conditions. Under external pH 7.2 with 53.2 μmol photons m−2 s−1 light intensity and using acetate as a carbon source, the optimum hydrogen yield was 281 μmol H<inf>2</inf> mg−1 Chl. Nutrient deprivation reduced the hydrogen yield. Several reducing agents were assessed, and 1 mM ethanol enhanced yield by 3 times for 850 μmol H<inf>2</inf> mg−1 Chl, and 1 mM sodium dithionite increased yield by 2.7 times for 750 μmol H<inf>2</inf> mg−1 Chl. Significantly, our new strain showed higher hydrogen yields ranging from 1.5 to 68 times compared with other microalgae. Thus, Chlorella sp. KLSc59 showed valuable potential for biohydrogen production.
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Improved biohydrogen production by immobilized cells of the green alga Tetraspora sp. CU2551 incubated under aerobic condition
(2020-10-01)
Maswanna, Thanaporn
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Lindblad, Peter
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Maneeruttanarungroj, Cherdsak
The green alga Tetraspora sp. CU2551 was previously investigated and showed enhanced H<inf>2</inf> production under anaerobic (Ar purged) conditions by cells immobilized in a calcium alginate matrix (Maswanna et al., Biomass Bioenergy 111:88–95, 2018). Here, we report successful H<inf>2</inf> production in entrapped cells under aerobic conditions. The most favorable immobilization condition observed was 4% (w/v) final alginate concentration after gelation, 2.80- to 3.35-mm beads, and a biomass content of 0.125 mg DW mL−1 alginate. H<inf>2</inf> production increased when the immobilized cells were incubated in S-deprived media which could be repeated up to six times when using refreshed media. After six cycles, the H<inf>2</inf> production reached 12.8 ± 0.9 mL H<inf>2</inf> 25 mL−1 of medium, corresponding to a rate of 182 ± 20 nmol mg−1 DW h−1, which was significantly higher than previously observed for other microalgae. Thus, our results demonstrate a potential for photobiological H<inf>2</inf> production using immobilized Tetraspora sp. CU2551 cells, grown under ambient aerobic conditions.
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Comparison of conventional polymerase chain reaction and routine blood smear for the detection of Babesia canis, Hepatozoon canis, Ehrlichia canis, and anaplasma platys in Buriram Province, Thailand
(2019-01-01)
Rucksaken, Rucksak
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Maneeruttanarungroj, Cherdsak
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Maswanna, Thanaporn
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Sussadee, Metita
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Kanbutra, Pithai
Background and Aim: Dog blood parasites are important tick-borne diseases causing morbidity and mortality in dogs worldwide. Four dog blood parasites species are commonly found in Thailand: Babesia canis, Hepatozoon canis, Ehrlichia canis, and Anaplasma platys. They are transmitted easily by tick species. However, there is little prevalence data available in Thailand. Diseases presentation of blood parasites infection is similar, but the treatment of each species is different. Current diagnosis mainly relies on microscopic examination of a stained blood smear, which has low sensitivity. Therefore, accurate diagnosis is important. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of the conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method and routine blood smears in the detection of four blood parasites species in dogs from Buriram Province, Thailand. Materials and Methods: In total, 49 EDTA-blood samples were collected from dogs in Buriram Province, Thailand. Blood parasite infection was compared using the Giemsa-stained blood smear technique to identify the parasite under a 100× oil immersion with PCR amplification of the 18S rDNA gene of B. canis and H. canis and the 16S rDNA gene of E. canis and A. platys. Results: Only one dog out of 49 was positive for H. canis based on microscopic examination whereas the PCR results showed that 2.04% (1/49), 4.08% (2/49), 36.73% (18/49), and 30.61% (15/49) of dogs were positive for B. canis, H. canis, E. canis, and A. platys, respectively. Moreover, coinfection was found in 16.33% (8/49) of dogs. Conclusion: This study is the first report to demonstrate the molecular prevalence of blood parasites in domestic dogs in Buriram Province. The results indicated that the PCR method exhibited much higher sensitivity and reliability for blood parasites diagnosis in dogs. Therefore, our data support serious concern regarding the diagnostic technique used in routine blood testing and also provide prevalence data for the management and control of blood parasites in this area.
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Enhanced hydrogen production by optimization of immobilized cells of the green alga Tetraspora sp. CU2551 grown under anaerobic condition
(2018-04-01)
Maswanna, Thanaporn
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Phunpruch, Saranya
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Lindblad, Peter
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Maneeruttanarungroj, Cherdsak
The green alga Tetraspora sp. CU2551 has previously been identified and characterized as a photosynthetic microorganism with high potential for H<inf>2</inf> production. In the present study, cells of Tetraspora CU2551 were entrapped and immobilized in an alginate matrix with the aim to analyze the effect of cell stacking and a reduced exposure of O<inf>2</inf> to the cells. The results showed that the most favorable immobilization conditions were 4% (w/v) of final alginate concentration and a cell concentration of 0.125 mg cell dry wt/mL alginate with a bead diameter of 2.80–3.35 mm. The H<inf>2</inf> production yields increased when the immobilized cells were incubated in S-deprived medium and this could be repeated at least for 3 production times. Maximal total H<inf>2</inf> production reached 7.68 ± 0.88 mL H<inf>2</inf>/25 mL medium, corresponding to a rate of 1182.45 ± 24.40 nmol H<inf>2</inf>/h/mg DW. This production is about 6 times higher compared to by cells in suspension, 2–10 times higher when compared to by other green algae, and 10–50 times higher when comparing with cyanobacteria. Based on our observations, immobilized cells of Tetraspora CU2551 is considered a very promising biological system for significant photobiological H<inf>2</inf> production by a photosynthetic microorganism.

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