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Author: search.filters.author.Mungmueang, NatthapongSubject: search.filters.subject.Bio-calcium

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    Enhanced calcium solubility of bio-calcium powder from blackchin tilapia (Sarotherodon melanotheron) bone: Influence of alkaline pretreatment conditions
    (2026-07-01)
    Senphan, Theeraphol
    ;
    Mungmueang, Natthapong
    ;
    Sazedul Hoque, Md
    ;
    Sriket, Chodsana
    ;
    Benjakul, Soottawat
    Bio-calcium powder was prepared from blackchin tilapia ( Sarotherodon melanotheron ) bones, an invasive species by-product from surimi production in Thailand, to evaluate the effects of alkaline pretreatment on bio-calcium properties. Bones were pretreated with NaOH or KOH (1 and 2 M) at a bone-to-solution ratio of 1:10 (w/v) for 2 h, followed by ethanol washing, hydrogen peroxide bleaching, drying, and grinding to obtain bio-calcium powder. The yield on a wet weight basis was 26–28%, with water activity values of 0.33–0.34 measured at room temperature. Among all treatments, 1 M KOH gave the highest yield (28%), calcium content (26.13%), and lightness (L∗ = 88.5). Collagenous proteins and hydroxyapatite were identified by SDS-PAGE and ATR-FTIR, respectively. All bio-calcium samples showed four to five times higher in vitro calcium solubility after simulated gastrointestinal digestion (13.4-17.50%) than calcium carbonate (3.4%). The 2 M treatments exhibited the highest calcium solubility (17.2-17.50%). The 1 M KOH can be used for food fortification due to its high yield and lightness, whereas the 2 M treatments can serve as calcium supplements where higher calcium solubility is required. Blackchin tilapia bone is a potential source for bio-calcium production, with 1 M KOH suitable for food fortification and 2 M treatments more appropriate for applications requiring higher calcium solubility.
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    Physicochemical properties and bioavailability of bio-calcium products from tilapia bone: A comparative study with synthetic hydroxyapatite
    (2025-03-01)
    Arkanit, Kornpaka
    ;
    Senphan, Theeraphol
    ;
    Issapap, Nursakich
    ;
    Mungmueang, Natthapong
    ;
    Sriket, Pornpimol
    This study compared three calcium products derived from tilapia bones (fish bone powder, bio-calcium, and calcined bone) with synthetic hydroxyapatite as a reference material. The chemical compositions, physical properties, and calcium bioavailability were analyzed. The yield percentage decreased from 44.4 % in fish bone powder to 27.4 % in bio-calcium. The yield percentage then increased to 64.9 % in calcined bone. Synthetic hydroxyapatite showed 100 % yield. The ash content increased progressively from 68.5 % to 99.4 %. The calcium content increased from 18.9 % to 31 %, with Ca/P ratios improving from 3.3 to 1.7, approaching the ideal ratio of natural bone mineral (1.67). Heavy metals were not detected in any samples. All products exhibited high whiteness values (L∗ 91.8–95.0). Water activity values ranged from 0.33 to 0.50. The median particle sizes varied between 17.39 and 31.05 μm. Lipid oxidation decreased through the processing stages. Calcium bioavailability was the highest in synthetic hydroxyapatite (5.4 %). Bio-calcium showed 4.1 % bioavailability. The products demonstrated potential for food fortification and biomedical applications. The findings support the use of tilapia bones as a sustainable source of calcium production.