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Author: search.filters.author.Photchanachai, Songsin

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    Growth and antioxidant system of Chinese kale microgreens in response to different illumination of light sources
    (2023-01-01)
    Tantharapornrerk, Naruchon
    ;
    Vichitsoonthonkul, Taweerat
    ;
    Techavuthiporn, Chairat
    ;
    Photchanachai, Songsin
    Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are commercially used as a light source to improve plant growth and antioxidants accumulation. Growth and antioxidant system in Chinese kale microgreens illuminated with blue, red and white LEDs and sunlight, as a control, with the same duration of illumination were investigated. The red LED with low light intensity significantly enhanced hypocotyl length and fresh weight of microgreens, while blue and white LEDs and sunlight showed fairly comparable effects. The synergistic effect of blue, green and red LEDs, as white LED was the most effective in enhancing the accumulation of secondary metabolites, namely, total glucosinolates, phenolic compounds and total ascorbic acid. Microgreens grown with blue and white LEDs showed higher DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power, whereas ABTS [2,2’-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)] radical cation (ABTS) fared better under sunlight and blue LEDs. Overall, microgreens treated with red LED significantly reduced H<inf>2</inf>O<inf>2</inf> and lipid peroxidation by only secondary metabolites. While blue and white LEDs treated samples utilised secondary metabolites, as well as, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase when compared to less effective superoxide dismutase in the control samples. The results suggest that light wavelength was a majority factor in enhancement antioxidant accumulation.
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    ZnSO4 spraying affects the growth and phytochemicals of Chinese kale microgreens
    (2023-01-01)
    Tantharapornrerk, Naruchon
    ;
    Photchanachai, Songsin
    ;
    Boonyaritthongchai, Panida
    ;
    Techavuthiporn, Chairat
    Chinese kale microgreens are gaining interest for its phytochemical compounds and anti-cancer properties mainly from glucosinolates. Zinc is an essential for plant growth and is involved with phytochemicals accumulation. This study investigated the different concentration of ZnSO<inf>4</inf> on the enhancement of the phytochemicals and quality of Chinese kale microgreens. Three-day-old seedlings were sprayed with 2 and 4 mM of ZnSO<inf>4</inf> until harvesting on days 4, 5, 6 and 7. ZnSO<inf>4</inf> significantly decreased the fresh weight of 6 and 7-day-old microgreens and dry weight on the 7<sup>th</sup> day. The total glucosinolates, total phenolic compounds and total ascorbic acid, gradually rose as the age of microgreens increased. When the 3-day-old microgreens were sprayed at 6, 12 and 18 mM, the fresh and dry weight and hypocotyl length of 7-day-old microgreens significantly decreased as the concentration increases. ZnSO<inf>4</inf> at 18 mM was the most effective in enhancing phytochemicals, resulting in increased DPPH radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power. This concentration also induced phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity resulting to an increase in total phenolic compounds. Moreover, ZnSO<inf>4</inf> at 18 mM induced H<inf>2</inf>O<inf>2</inf> content but are sufficiently countered with the increase in antioxidant enzymes namely superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase. In conclusion, the 3-day-old microgreen was the most effective age for the start of the daily spraying of ZnSO<inf>4</inf> before harvesting at 7-day-old. Higher concentrations of ZnSO<inf>4</inf> (6-18 mM) enhanced the phytochemical compounds and enzymatic antioxidant activities but reduced growth. In contrast, lower concentration (< 4 mM) only improved microgreens growth.