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Nanofibers derived from endophytic Chaetomium brasilense for growth stimulation of rice
(2022-03-01)
Song, J. J.
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Soytong, K.
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Thianrat, L.
Chaetomiumn brasilense PT302 was endophytically isolated from rice var Supanburi 1 and Prathumthani 80 which firstly selected for investigation to promote the growth of rice. It is morphologically and molecular phylogenetic confirmation through ITS1 and ITS4 as Ch.brasilense PT302 compared to Achaetomium strumarium (JX863914) as out group. Crude metabolites (crude hexane, crude ethyl acetate and crude methanol) at 50 ppm from Ch. brasiliense were proved to promote seed germination of rice var. Supanburi 1 and Pathumtani 80 at 7 days which found significantly higher seed germination than the non-treated control. Nanofibers constructed Ch. brasiliense promoted significantly higher seed germination, plant height and number of tillers than the non-treated control in rice var Supanburi 1 and Prathumthani 80 in 7 days at low concentration of 5 ppm planted in Chachengsao and Bangkok soil series. Nanofibers derived from endophytic Ch. brasilense is actively promoted plant growth at lower concentration than crude metabolites. It is firstly reported the natural product nanofiber constructed from endophytic Ch. brasilense to stimulate plant growth.
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Research investigation of natural products from microorganisms for sustainable agriculture in Vietnam: A short comminication
(2020-01-01)
Soytong, K.
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Song, J. J.
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Dinh, M. T.
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Hoang, H.
The potent microorganisms used for sustainable agriculture in Vietnam has been investigated by Soytong, K. for years. The natural products named synegistic Chaetomium and Trichoderma Biofungicide, Biodegradable nano-elicitor for plant immunity and Biodecomposer for soil revitalization and improvement through fermentation to increase organic matter and fertility in the cultivated soils. The mixture of several strains of powerful Chaetomium for plant disease control to be a broad spectrum biofungicide and enzymatic fungi for biodecomposer are proved to be synergistic fungal community. A novel biodegradable nano-particles contructed from active metabolites of Chaetomium spp named nano-elicitor is discovered to induce immunity in plants eg rice, tomato, durian and citrus. Biodecomposer demonstasrtes as a synergistic group of microorganism producing cellulase, hemicellulase, ligninase and protease that produced from Achaetomium sp., Eurotium sp, Emericella sp, Trichoderma sp., Aspergillus japonicus, Aspergillus terreus and 3 benefit bacteria to degrade organic and inorganic materials, and improve soil revitalization and productivity. Withis some parts of research projects were supported by Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development in Vietnam.
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Nano-particles from Chaetomium lucknowense to inhibit rice blast pathogen causded by Pyricularia oryzae in pot experiment
(2018-12-01)
Song, J. J.
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Soytong, K.
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Kanokmedhakul, S.
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Kanokmedhakul, K.
Nano-particles derived from Chaetomium lucknowense proved to be antagonized Pyricularia oryzae causing rice blast disease var. RD57. Result showed that nano-ECL, nano-MCL and nano-HCL expressed antifungal activities against P. oryzae (rice blast disease) at the ED <inf>50</inf> values were 82, 114, 181ppm, respectively. In pot experiment, the nano-CL gave significantly better to control rice blast than the chemical fungicide (Tricyclazole) in rice var. RD57. Rice blast disease showed that nano-CL gave the highest reduction of 54 %, when compared to the chemical fungicide that the disease decreased 29.26 %. Application of nano-CL gave the highest plant strands of 87.62 cm when compared to Tricyclazole (74.91 cm). Nano-particles from C. lucknowense is being developed to be nano-elicitors for plant immunity.
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Application of nano-particles derived from chaetomium elatum che01 to control pyricularia oryzae causing rice blast
(2018-11-01)
Song, J. J.
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Kanokmedhakul, S.
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Kanokmedhalkul, K.
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Soytong, K.
Pyricularia oryzae causing rice blast was isolated and proved for pathogenicity. Chaetomium elatum ChE01 was proved to be antagonized P. oryzae in bi-culture antagonistic test which averaged inhibition of 60.40 % within 15 days. Fungal metabolites from C. elatum ChE01 were extracted and tested to inhibit P. oryzae. Results showed that crude ethyl acetate expressed antifungal activity against P. oryzae which the effective dose <inf>50</inf> (ED <inf>50</inf> ) was 231 ppm., followed by crude methanol and crude hexane which the ED <inf>50</inf> were 460 and 2,122 ppm. respectively. It was shown that nano-CCE gave the highest inhibition P. oryzae which the ED <inf>50</inf> was 8.25 ppm, and followed by nano-CEM and nano-CEH which the ED <inf>50</inf> values were 11.21 and 65.52 ppm, respectively. Further research findings are investigated in pot and field experiments.
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Molecular identification of chaetomium species from soil in Vietnam
(2018-03-01)
Quyet, N. T.
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Thanh, N. D.
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Cuong, H. V.
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Huong, B. T.L.
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Soytong, K.
This study reported some species of the Chaetomiaceae from collected soil samples in Vietnam. Soil samples were taken from dragon fruit crop cultivation in Tien Giang and Long An provinces in 2017. All species of Chaetomiaceae were isolated from soil samples by soil baiting technique. All species were identified based on the morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of β-tubulin gene. At least four species of the Chaetomiaceae family were identified, including Arcopilus aureus, Arcopilus cupreus, Chaetomium cochliodes and Chaetomium globosum. These strains were strongly antagonistic activity against Neoscytalidium dimidiatum causing brown spot disease of Hylocereus undatus (white-fleshed pitahaya) in Vietnam. Further research would be done the control mechanism and acute and dermal toxicology test for environmental safety. Finally it maybe formulate as biological fungicide to control this serious disease in the field.
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Application of Chaetomium species (Ketomium®) as a new broad spectrum biological fungicide for plant disease control: A review article
(2001-12-01)
Soytong, K.
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Kanokmedhakul, S.
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Kukongviriyapa, V.
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Isobe, M.
Research and development of biological control agents for use against plant diseases have been undertaken for several years in both government and private sectors, as natural agents are needed to take the place of chemical fungicides. The problem associated with the use of hazardous chemicals for disease control has received increasing attention worldwide, due to the fact that pathogens become resistant to chemical fungicides and the resulting environmental pollution and ecological imbalances. The implementation of practical integrated biological control technology to control plant diseases has been successfully introduced to growers in China, Philippines, Russia, Thailand and Vietnam by using new broad spectrum biological fungicides from Chaetomium (Thailand Patent No. 6266, International Code: AO1N 25/12 and registered as Ketomium® mycofungicide). Since 1989, the biological product has been developed and improved from 22-strains of Chaetomium cupreum CC01-CC10 and Chaetomium globosum CG01-CG12 in the form of pellet and powder formulation. The formulation has successfully been applied to infested field-soils with integrated with cultural control measures and organic amendments for the long-term protection of Durian (Durio zibethinus L.) and Black Pepper (Piper nigram L.) caused by Phytophthora palmivora, Tangerine (Citrus reticulata Blanco) caused by Phytophthora parasitica and Strawberry (Fragaria spp.) caused by Phytophthora cactorum, Wilt of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and Basal rot of Corn (Zea mays L.) caused by Sclerotium rolfsii against Phytophthora rot. Bio-control technology of plant diseases has successfully been demonstrated, either completely or partially, when integrated with other control measures for appropriate disease management. Biological products are useful, not only for the protection against plant diseases, but can also be used for curative effects of plant diseases, and also promote plant growth.

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