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Author: search.filters.author.Sriphan, SaichonSubject: search.filters.subject.energy harvesting

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    High-Performance Droplet-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators: A Comparison of Device Configuration and Operating Parameters
    (2025-05-06)
    Chaithaweep, Kanokwan
    ;
    Pharino, Utchawadee
    ;
    Pongampai, Satana
    ;
    Hajra, Sugato
    ;
    Kim, Hoe Joon
    Droplet-based electricity generators (DEGs) harness liquid-solid electrification to convert water droplets impacts into electrical energy. This study systematically examines how droplet height, droplet volume, flow rate, and substrate tilt angle influence DEG performance using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as a triboelectric layer and deionized water. Three electrode designs (double, top, bottom) are evaluated, revealing that the double-electrode configuration delivers the highest output. This enhanced performance arises from synergistic droplet motion, electrical double-layer formation, and charge discharge, as validated by an equivalent circuit model. By varying droplet heights from 1–20 cm, volumes of 7.7–50 µL, flow rates of 50–300 drops/min, and tilt angles of 0–90°, an optimized setup yields −70 V and 22 mA, translating to a power density of 0.28 µW cm<sup>−2</sup>. High-speed imaging correlates these outputs with droplet impact dynamics and the resulting charge transfer. Additionally, the optimized DEG can power small electronic devices, charge capacitors, and monitor artificial acid rain in real-time, displaying distinct electrical signals compared to typical rainwater. These findings underscore the potential of DEGs as renewable energy harvesters and smart environmental sensors, paving the way for advanced on-demand power generation in diverse settings.
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    Highly Flexible Tribovoltaic Nanogenerator Based-on P-N Junction Interface: Comparative Study on Output Dependency Dominated by Photovoltaic Effect in Freestanding-Mode
    (2023-10-18)
    Sriphan, Saichon
    ;
    Worathat, Supakarn
    ;
    Pharino, Utchawadee
    ;
    Chanlek, Narong
    ;
    Pakawanit, Phakkhananan
    The emergence of tribovoltaic nanogenerators (TVNGs) paves the way for developing a new kind of semiconductor-based energy harvester that overcomes the restriction of low output current in a conventional approach. The traditional TVNG generally depends on the frictional pair between two rigid semiconductors (or metal-semiconductor), limiting the practicability of flexible and portable electronics. Recent developments require the fundamental understanding of charge generation in diverse operating modes and structures. Here, a flexible TVNG based on the p-Cu<inf>2</inf>O/n-g-C<inf>3</inf>N<inf>4</inf> interface is presented. Operating in a freestanding mode, the proposed TVNG can generate a stable signal in any optical conditions including UV illumination, dark, and ambient. Under UV illumination, the electrical outputs of the TVNG reach 0.43 V and 2.1 µA cm<sup>−2</sup>, which are significantly larger than those obtained from dark and ambient conditions. The results demonstrate the coupling effect of three phenomena: tribovoltaic, photovoltaic, and triboelectric effects, and the unique mechanism to the observed signal is proposed. Additionally, the TVNG shows the practical feasibility of energy harvesting with capacitor charging and charge-boosting circuits. This study showcases the unique concept with potential for developing a novel flexible nanogenerator in many aspects, including material, structure, and fundamental mechanism.