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Performance Assessment of Co-Gasification Process for Syngas Production Using Multi-Biomass Feedstocks
(2026-06-15)
Wiranarongkorn, Kunlanan
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Detchusananard, Thanaphorn
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Piroonlerkgul, Pakorn
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Im-orb, Karittha
The investigation focused on alternative energy production from biomass residuals, predominantly located in Northern Thailand, for year-round utilization. The biomass gasification model was created in Aspen Plus. The cassava stalk served as a foundational biomass for blending with additional materials. Increased equivalent ratio (ER) increased syngas yield, while higher gasifying temperatures decreased it. The total energy demand rose with increasing ER, whereas it decreased with higher gasifying temperatures. The gasification process may transition from exothermic to endothermic when the ER exceeds 0.25. The effect of mixing ratio of 1) cassava stalk and 2) rice straw, or 3) cane stalks, or 4) corn stalk at 1:0, 4:1, 3:2, and 2:3 on the gasification performance was investigated. The maximum syngas yield of all mixture cases at each gasifying temperature was achieved at mixing ratio of 2:3 and ER of 0.3. This study discovered blending cassava stalk with seasonal leftovers like rice straw, cane stalks, and corn stalks in a 2:3 ratio generated outstanding syngas year-round in Thailand. For the blended biomass feed rate of 10 kg/h, the maximum syngas yield of 0.356 kmol/h was achieved for the mixture of cassava stalk and rice straw at a gasifying temperature of 900°C.
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Assessment of bio-methanol and electricity co-production via the integration of biomass-to-methanol process, solid oxide electrolyzer, and power generator
(2025-11-01)
Detchusananard, Thanaphorn
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Wiranarongkorn, Kunlanan
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Im-orb, Karittha
The performance assessment of an integrated biomass to methanol and solid oxide electrolyzer with and without a power generation unit (BtM-SOEC-PG and BtM-SOEC), utilizing purge gas from BtM for production of bio-methanol and electricity, is performed. For BtM-SOEC-PG, two utilization routes of low pressure (LP) steam leaving the power generation system (case 1: LP steam is exported to external users (BtM-SOEC-PG-LPEX) and case 2: LP steam is utilized in the process (BtM-SOEC-PG-LPUT)) are examined to determine the impact on process performance of recycling purge gas from BtM to either the methanol reactor or the power generation unit. In all cases, the bio-methanol production increases with increased purge gas recycling, whereas the power generation decreases. The direct CO<inf>2</inf> emissions are also improved with increased recycling. Two BtM-SOEC-PG cases are an exothermic process, and the degree of exothermicity increased with purge gas recycling. However, the BtM-SOEC-PG-LPUT with 90 % purge gas recycling offers a maximum methanol production rate of 15.99 kg/h, and under these conditions, 3.17 kW of electricity is generated and 56.18 % energy efficiency is obtained. The energy efficiency of the BtM-SOEC-PG-LPUT, with 90 % purge gas recycling, could potentially be enhanced by 10.42 % due to pinch analysis and heat exchanger network (HEN) design. Exergy analysis indicates that the gasifier is the primary unit of exergy destruction, followed by the combustion unit and the autothermal reformer (ATR) in the second and third positions, respectively. Furthermore, the BtM-SOEC-PG-LPUT with 90 % purge gas recycling offers a competitive cost of bio-methanol (824.37 USD/ton) compared to BtM-SOEC.
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Energy analysis and life cycle assessment of furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural integrated biorefinery processes with heat pump-assisted reactive distillation
(2025-03-15)
Wiranarongkorn, Kunlanan
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Im-Orb, Karittha
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Saebea, Dang
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Patcharavorachot, Yaneeporn
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Arpornwichanop, Amornchai
Bio-based products, such as biochemicals and bioenergy, have received considerable attention in efforts to mitigate the effects of climate change. In this study, an integrated biorefinery process for the production of furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) using sugarcane bagasse is proposed. Three process scenarios were compared: the integrated process of HMF and furfural production using (i) conventional reactive distillation (RD), (2) heat pump-assisted RD, and (3) heat pump-assisted RD with heat integration. The comparison focused on energy efficiency and life cycle analysis. The simulation results revealed that the overall energy efficiency of the proposed process could increase by 14.5 % with the additional heat pump to the RD column at a pressure ratio of 1.4 due to a reduction of external energy consumption. This improvement reduced the environmental impact of natural gas combustion for utility production. Specifically, the global warming potential of processes involving heat pump-assisted RD without and with heat integration decreased by 16.66 % and 80.08 %, respectively, compared to conventional RD. These results indicate that incorporating heat pump-assisted RD and implementing effective heat management within the integrated biorefinery process significantly decreased external energy consumption, leading to substantial environmental benefits.
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Sustainable Production of Biomethanol and Its Environmental Impacts
(2025-01-01)
Detchusananard, Thanaphorn
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Im-Orb, Karittha
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Wiranarongkorn, Kunlanan
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Chen, Yong Song
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Arpornwichanop, Amornchai
Utilizing biomass and biogas sourced from various organic waste materials as renewable feedstocks for biomethanol production offers a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum oil, and natural gas. This chapter provides an exploration of several technologies employed in biomethanol production, including biomass gasification, biomass pyrolysis, and biogas upgrading. Syngas production and conditioning, methanol synthesis and separation, and integrating systems with other renewable energy sources are found to be crucial stages towards achieving sustainable production. The chapter comprehensively evaluates the technical, economic, and environmental aspects of each biomethanol production process. Furthermore, it delves into ongoing efforts to improve and develop biomethanol-production processes to achieve the carbon neutrality goals. The chapter also outlines emerging trends and future research directions in the field of biomethanol production.
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Techno-economic performance analysis of biomass-to-methanol with solid oxide electrolyzer for sustainable bio-methanol production
(2024-12-30)
Detchusananard, Thanaphorn
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Wiranarongkorn, Kunlanan
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Im-orb, Karittha
The analysis of the technical and economic performance of an integrated biomass to methanol and solid oxide electrolysis process (BtM-SOEC) is studied to find more sustainable process of bio-methanol production. The oil palm empty fruit branch (EFB) which is abundant in Thailand is used as biomass feedstock. Modeling of the BtM-SOEC is done using Aspen Plus. For technical aspects, the production rate of oxygen and hydrogen from the SOEC can be enhanced through an appropriate adjustment of the number of cells and cell temperature. The BtM-SOEC offers higher methanol yield and overall efficiency, while consumes less energy than the conventional biomass to methanol process (BtM). The maximum methanol production rate of 0.4995 kmol hr−1 derived from BtM-SOEC is achieved at a number of cells of 325 cells and a cell temperature of 700 °C, at this condition the overall efficiency is 64.79 %. The economic assessment indicates that the conventional BtM and BtM-SOEC are still not economically feasible. However, the conventional BtM is more economically feasible than the BtM-SOEC. The methanol cost of BtM-SOEC can turn out to be economically feasible when renewable electricity cost and SOEC cost decrease substantially. The methanol cost of the BtM-SOEC (620 USD ton−1) can be competitive to that of the BtM (703 USD ton−1) when the cost of input renewable electricity decreases by 80 %. Consequently, this research highlights the potential of BtM-SOEC from agricultural residues for sustainable bio-methanol production in the future market condition that the cost of renewable electricity tends to continuously decrease with the technology development and increased technology adoption and the carbon policy tends to be tightened to relieve global warming.
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Process Analysis of Integrated Biomass Gasification and Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell (SOEC) for Syngas Production
(2023-01-01)
Detchusananard, Thanaphorn
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Wiranarongkorn, Kunlanan
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Im-Orb, Karittha
The integrated biomass gasification and SOEC process (IBG-SOEC), which O2 from SOEC was used as gasifying agent while the separated H2 could be used for H2/CO adjustment or sell as a valuable byproduct, was studied to find the sustainable syngas production process. The model of IBG-SOEC was developed in Aspen Plus. The parametric analysis was performed to investigate the effect of operating conditions of SOEC (i.e., cell temperature and number of cells) on the overall process performance. For energy performance, the total energy demand decreased as cell temperature increased while increased with number of cells. The changes in cell temperature had no effect on the yield and composition of syngas from gasifier. The maximum yield of syngas, with H2/CO of 0.96, of 1.9 kmol/h was achieved at cell temperature of 790°C and number of cells of 600. At this condition, the overall efficiency of IBG-SOEC of 63 % was achieved and H2 byproduct of 1 kmol/h could obtained from SOEC.
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Assessment and analysis of multi-biomass fuels for sustainable electricity generation
(2021-12-01)
Wiranarongkorn, Kunlanan
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Phajam, Picharporn
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Im-orb, Karittha
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Saebea, Dang
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Arpornwichanop, Amornchai
Many biomass power plants are not flexible, using only one fuel type, and have high CO<inf>2</inf> emissions. In this study, a new methodology to assess the multi-biomass utilization for a power plant is proposed. The results provide that the proportions of mixed biomass residues in different regions of Thailand are appropriate with lower chloride content and slagging inclination than the standard specification. However, high alkali metal oxides in biomass in the southern region lead to high fouling inclination with high fly ash deposition. The electricity production using multi-biomass fuel is more efficient with lower fuel consumption than that with single-type biomass. To generate 103.43 MW electricity production, 107.89 t h−1 consumption of mixed biomass fuels in the central is lower than that with multi-biomass in other regions. However, it generates a maximum of 12.5 mol% CO<inf>2</inf> in exhaust gases which can be captured by suitable amine-based absorbents with 90.82% efficiency.
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Exergy and exergoeconomic analyses of sustainable furfural production via reactive distillation
(2021-07-01)
Wiranarongkorn, Kunlanan
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Im-orb, Karittha
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Panpranot, Joongjai
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Maréchal, François
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Arpornwichanop, Amornchai
Lignocellulosic biomass is a potential renewable resource for production of high-value, sustainable products. Furfural is among the important bio-based chemicals in biorefineries. However, the conventional process of furfural production using a reaction-separation network entails low product yield but high fixed and operating costs owing to the complex process of separation. In this study, a process of furfural production via reactive distillation (RD) was investigated and designed based on the concept of process intensification. Exergy and exergoeconomic analyses were applied to evaluate the process performance. When the RD column was operated at its optimal configuration, furfural production of 81.78 kg h−1 was achieved with xylose conversion and furfural yield of 97.9% and 97.4%, respectively. The exergy efficiency of furfural production was 56.41%, while the RD column exhibited the maximum exergy destruction rate among all components with an exergy efficiency of 69.82%. The exergy destruction rate declined with decrease in the reboiler duty of the RD column and increase in xylose concentration. The exergoeconomic analysis revealed that decreasing the reboiler duty had the highest impact on the total cost of furfural production. Decreases in feedstock and catalyst costs as well as interest rate additionally lowered the total cost rate of the system.
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Hydrogen and power generation via integrated bio-oil sorption-enhanced steam reforming and solid oxide fuel cell systems: Economic feasibility analysis
(2021-03-19)
Wiranarongkorn, Kunlanan
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Patcharavorachot, Yaneeporn
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Panpranot, Joongjai
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Assabumrungrat, Suttichai
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Arpornwichanop, Amornchai
A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is a promising technology for generating electricity and heat with high efficiency and environmental friendliness. The use of a bio-oil as a renewable and low-cost feedstock for an external reforming SOFC system can reduce fossil fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. From a technical perspective, high-purity hydrogen (H<inf>2</inf>) for SOFCs can be produced from the sorption-enhanced steam reforming (SESR). In this study, an economic analysis of a bio-oil SESR and SOFC integrated system (160 kW alternating current electricity production) is performed to evaluate the feasibility of the designed process. An economic comparison of the systems with different configurations, i.e., SESR-SOFC integrated systems with and without anode gas recirculation and a conventional reforming-based SOFC system (CON-SOFC), is presented in terms of their net present cost (NPC) and levelized cost of energy (LCOE). According to the results, the SESR-SOFC system with anode gas recirculation is more favorable than the CON-SOFC system and SESR-SOFC system without recirculation. Nevertheless, it remains economically infeasible because its NPC in the 20th year is approximately 6.13% higher than that of the combined heat and power (CHP) system (a base case). However, it can attain economic equivalence with the CHP system when a carbon tax of at least $15 t<inf>CO<inf>2</inf></inf>−1 is considered or when the SOFC capital cost, interest rate, and bio-oil cost are separately reduced by 14%, 21%, and 37%, respectively. In addition, an increase in feed-in tariff has the highest impact on the NPC reduction of the renewable bio-oil SESR-SOFC integrated system with recirculation.
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Design and evaluation of the sorption enhanced steam reforming and solid oxide fuel cell integrated system with anode exhaust gas recirculation for combined heat and power generation
(2017-01-01)
Wiranarongkorn, Kunlanan
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Im-Orb, Karittha
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Ponpesh, Pimporn
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Patcharavorachot, Yaneeporn
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Arpornwichanop, Amornchai
Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is an electrochemical device for power generation with high efficiency and low environmental impact. Due to a high-temperature operation of SOFC, useful heat can be recovered to enhance its system efficiency. Regarding the environmental concern, bio-oil, the renewable liquid fuel, can be applied to SOFC system. In this study, the SOFC integrated with a steam reforming of bio-oil is considered. A sorption enhanced reforming process is studied for the production of high purity hydrogen for SOFC, and the anode gas recirculation in the SOFC system is proposed for the system improvement. Modeling of such an integrated process is performed using Aspen Plus simulator. As heat and power are generated from the SOFC system, the effect of key design parameters; fuel utilization and recirculation ratio of the anode gas, on a heatto-power ratio is analyzed. The system performance regarding to the electrical and thermal efficiencies is also evaluated. The results show that increasing the anode recirculation ratio increases the combined heat and power (CHP) performance, but increasing the fuel utilization decreases the thermal efficiency. It is also found that the appropriate range of heat-to-power ratio of the system varies from 0.24 to 0.89.

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