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Numerical simulations to a one-dimensional groundwater pollution measurement model through heterogeneous soil
(2020-01-01)
Timpitak, Wasu
;
Pochai, Nopparat
The problem of toxic contaminants in groundwater with groundwater pollution measurement model. The advection-diffusion equation is used to describe the concerned model. The theoretical solution of the advection-diffusion equation is limited only in ideal geometries. Applications of numerical solutions are influenced in several initial and boundary conditions when dealing with complex geometries. In this research, numerical simulations for one-dimensional groundwater pollution measurement around landfills model through heterogeneous soil are focused. The forward time center space and Saulyev finite difference techniques are used to approximate the solutions. The accuracy of proposed techniques are to examine by comparing the approximated solutions with the analytical solution. The purposed technique gives good agreement approximated solution.
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The diffusion and adoption of electronic payment systems in Bangkok
(2019-04-01)
Chaiyasoonthorn, Wornchanok
;
Suksangiam, Watanyoo
This article aims to study the diffusion and adoption of electronic payment systems in Bangkok, Thailand. This study is a cross-sectional survey of 394 respondents who lived in Bangkok. This research employs Pearson's correlation and structural equation modeling (SEM) to answer two research questions: 1) How do the socio-economic classes of people show differences in the use of e-payment systems? and 2) What are significant factors driving customers to use e-payment systems? The findings show that user behavior has a positive correlation with personal income. Higher-income people tend to use electronic payment systems more than lower-income people. There is no relationship between areas and use behavior. Moreover, the research shows that adoption readiness, income, and internet banking positively influence use behavior significantly, while electronic money shows a significant negative relationship with use behavior. Education and age indirectly influence use behavior via personal income. The authors also addressed both theoretical and practical implications.
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XPS Study of the In/CdTe Interface Modified by Nanosecond Laser Irradiation
(2019-01-01)
Zelenska, Kateryna
;
Gnatyuk, Volodymyr
;
Nakajima, Hideki
;
Mekprasart, Wanichaya
;
Pecharapa, Wisanu
The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) with 650 eV synchro-tron radiation was employed to study the In/CdTe diode detector structures formed by laser-induced doping and subjected to multiple Ar-ion etching from the In-coated side. The dependences of the peak areas in the high-resolution Cd 3d and In 3d XPS spectra on the etching number demonstrated the presence of Cd atoms in the In film and In dopant atoms in the CdTe near the In/CdTe inter-face. This was attributed to ultrafast mutual diffusion under laser action. The XPS results were direct evidence of incorporation of In dopant atoms into the surface region of the CdTe crystal and penetration of Cd atoms into the In film.
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Corrosion characterization of high moment magnetic material coated with diamond-like carbon
(2013-11-04)
Supadee, Laddawan
;
Chatruprachewin, Santi
;
Suriya-Amaranont, Chaba
;
Titiroongruang, Wisut
In order to increase data storage density of hard drive, DLC overcoat thickness was decreased to allow read/write head to come closer to magnetic alloy of the disk, andwith maintaining the main purpose of the overcoat to provide good corrosion and mechanical protection for the underlying magnetic recording film under unfavorably environmental conditions and occasional reactions. Base on that the edges of topography will be weak point for deposition films cause of shadow effect during the process, it's hard that deposition atomic will stay at the concave and convex of topography. DLC coverage performance at the edge of 3D topography becomes high sensitive with limited DLC films thickness. Currently the 3D profile of magnetic material that needs to protect with DLC, is about 2 nanometers with subnanometres DLC thickness. The enormous of data shrew corrosion pattern was usually happened at the edge of topography. Thus, the accelerated test or indirect methodology was applied for DLC integrity. This investigation was explore the methodology to verify the weakness of DLC films especially at the topography edges which is difficult for any direct metrology tools can pursue. With pore resistance, which related to the film structure, the electrochemical impedance indicated that DLC/Si3N4 is a suitable choice to against corrosion. However topography surface influence to DLC coverage. Controllable surface for DLC deposition also needed well defined. Two types of step height was created as 1 nm and 2 nm on (100) silicon substrate. The 20Å DLC film thickness was deposited on the silicon substrate with promised technique, Filtered Cathodic Vacuum Arch (FCVA). After this process the aluminum (Al) was deposited on the surface of DLC film by using evaporation technique. The silicon substrate was driven to Al surface thro pin holes on the DLC film at 577OC. To detect the pin holes on the DLC film, the aluminum layer was removed by using wet etch chemical process. The SEM image indicates that the square pitting at the edge of DLC film obtained for 2nm step height was around 2nm depth. The latest experiment in this investigation to characterize 2.3 T magnetic moment material degradation with DLC/Si3N4 coating, was performed with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and AFM. The material with DLC overcoat after exposed to H2SO4 for 30 min, polarization resistance was increased for 2 times from uncoated material. Alternative charge transfer capacitance was reduced as desirable charge current. © (2013) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.
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Contact infection spread in an SEIR model: An analytical approach
(2013-01-01)
Pongsumpun, Puntani
;
Kongnuy, Rujira
;
López, Diana García
;
Tang, I. Ming
;
Dubois, Marc A.
The epidemic spread of an SEIR (susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered) model is analysed via a contact infection process. We solve the system of nonlinear partial differential equations by using the method of separation of variables. Approximate analytical expressions for the propagating infection wave for various ranges of parameters are presented.

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