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    Non-destructive quality assessment of hens’ eggs using hyperspectral images
    (2017-12-01)
    Suktanarak, Sineenart
    ;
    Teerachaichayut, Sontisuk
    Freshness of hens’ eggs is important for consumers and the food processing industry and the Haugh unit (HU) is a commonly used index for freshness. Measurement of HU is destructive and also assumes that the sample that is tested accurately reflects the batch of eggs being processed. This research tests the use reflectance near infrared hyperspectral imaging in the wavelength range of 900–1700 nm for nondestructive prediction of eggs freshness and compared these measurements to HU. To achieve this fresh eggs were stored at 25 °C and were measured after storage for 0, 4, 7, 10, 14, 18 and 21 days by hyperspectral imaging technique and compared to HU for each egg. Hyperspectral imaging technique combines between conventional imaging and NIR spectroscopy to achieve spatial and spectral information from eggs. The acquired near infrared hyperspectral imaging data from samples in the calibration set were analyzed in order to develop a calibration model for HU using partial least squares regression (PLSR) and then crossvalidated. The standard normal variate transformation (SNV) spectral pretreatment gave the optimum conditions for establishing the calibration model with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.91 and root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC) of 4.58. Distribution maps of HU were generated from the acquired calibration model by interpretation of predicted HU to different colors using image processing algorithms. Displayed colors of acquired image of eggs were different correspond to the freshness of the eggs based on HU. The results show that the near infrared hyperspectral imaging technique can be possible to use for presenting the images of egg related to HU in order to nondestructively evaluate hens’ eggs freshness.
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    Instrumental textural changes in raw white shrimp during iced storage
    (2011-12-01)
    Nunak, N.
    ;
    Schleining, G.
    The general objective of this work was to evaluate the changes in the texture of raw white shrimp, stored whole in ice for up to 14 days, by instrumental texture analysis of the flesh after peeling off the carapace. Effect of test method (relaxation, compression, texture profile analysis, cutting, and penetration tests), test speed (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mm/s), and test position on sample (second, third, and fourth segments of abdominal musculature) were studied to measure the textural attributes of shrimp. Mechanical parameters (force at yield point, stiffness, toughness, and shear/penetration work) increased significantly during the 14 days of storage. Shrimp muscle maintained firm texture up to 4 days of storage after harvesting. At that time, the texture became soft, stiffness of the skin layer increased, and then pH values in the shrimp reached a value higher than 7 (alkaline). A linear model with a high coefficient of determination (R <sup>2</sup> > 0.75, for all parameters obtained from the penetration test with the spherical probe) described adequately the mechanical properties of iced shrimp during storage. Comparing several methods, the penetration test on the second flesh segment using a spherical probe at a speed of 0.1 mm/s and using penetration work as a parameter gave the best results to clearly indicate the changes in textural properties of iced shrimp with a high correlation coefficient during storage time (R <sup>2</sup> = 0.83), while other test methods failed to provide an indication of deterioration. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
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