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Subject: search.filters.subject.Landrace rice

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    Impact of salinity stress during reproductive stage on physiological responses and yield of landrace rice genotypes
    (2026-12-01)
    Aninbon, Chorkaew
    ;
    Ruttanaprasert, Ruttanachira
    ;
    Pinta, Wanwipa
    ;
    Rodnuch, Nattareeporn
    ;
    Boonsom, Maythas
    Salinity significantly reduces rice yield, particularly when stress occurs during the reproductive stage. This study aimed to evaluate the physiological and yield responses of rice genotypes subjected to salinity stress during this critical growth phase. The experiment followed a 4 × 10 factorial arrangements in a randomized complete block design (RCBD), comprising ten rice genotypes and four salinity levels (control, 6, 12, and 16 dS/m). Data were collected for electrolyte leakage, relative water content (RWC), proline content, SPAD chlorophyll meter reading (SCMR), total phenolic content, grain yield, and 1,000-seed weight. Salinity stress significantly affected both physiological and yield-related traits across all genotypes. Under 16 dS/m salinity, RWC and SCMR declined from 86.13% to 65.59% and from 41.86 to 26.56, respectively, at 14 days after salt application. Electrolyte leakage increased from 8.80% to 19.11% and from 13.12% to 33.23%, while proline accumulation rose sharply from 37.41 to 268.75 µg/g fresh weight. In contrast, total phenolic content decreased slightly from 7.22 to 6.38 mg/g dry weight. Among the genotypes, Met Makham produced the highest grain yield under control conditions (31.72 g/plant). Under moderate to severe salinity, however, Hom Yai consistently achieved the highest yields (18.35 and 15.14 g/plant at 12 and 16 dS/m, respectively) and exhibited the smallest yield reduction (42.12%) relative to the control at 16 dS/m. This reduction was lower than that observed in the salt-tolerant check variety Pokkali. Hom Yai also maintained high RWC (80.75%), SCMR (35.55), and phenolic content (7.22 mg/g), together with relatively low electrolyte leakage (20.91%) and stable yield performance under saline conditions. These findings suggest that Hom Yai was a promising genetic resource for cultivation in saline-prone areas and can serve as valuable parental lines in breeding programs aimed at developing high-yielding, salt-tolerant rice varieties.
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    Genotypic Variations in Ferulic Acid, Antioxidant Capacity and Yield Components of Thai Landrace Rice Genotypes
    (2022-01-01)
    Aninbon, Chorkaew
    ;
    Srihanoo, Chayut
    ;
    Phakamas, Nittaya
    Ferulic acid is a potent antioxidant in rice. The objective of this study was to evaluate the variations in ferulic acid and antioxidant capacity among landrace rice genotypes. The experiment is conducted under paddy field conditions in two locations. It uses a randomized complete block design with three replications, and the treatments consist of 24 landrace rice genotypes. Data are collected for yield and yield components, ferulic acid, and antioxidant capacity. Rice genotypes are significantly different for plant height, number of panicles per plant, number of seeds per panicle, 1,000-seed weight and grain yield. Grain yields of 24 rice genotypes ranged from 1,476.9 to 4,348.1 kg/ha, and G24 is a good source for high grain yield. Variations in ferulic acid content and antioxidant capacity are found among genotypes. Ferulic acid contents range from 11.56 to 45.68 mg/100 g seed, and antioxidant capacity determined by the DPPH method ranged from 15.46 to 86.26%. G4 has the highest ferulic acid content and antioxidant capacity. These two genotypes are promising for parents in breeding programs targeting improved ferulic acid content, antioxidant capacity, and yield.
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    Genetic mapping of leaf blast resistance gene in landrace rice cultivar ‘GS19769’
    (2015-08-31)
    Parinthawong, Nonglak
    ;
    Tansian, Pennapar
    ;
    Sreewongchai, Tanee
    The rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, is highly varied and therefore overcomes resistance in a few years. Rice cultivars with the ability to resist different blast races are therefore required. In this study, a resistance gene of landrace rice cultivar ‘GS19769’ is identified using a mix of 19 blast isolates collected from several epidemic areas in Thailand. The selected cultivar was fertilised with the blast susceptible variety, Khao Dok Mali 105 (KDML105), to generate the mapping population. Segregation analysis in the F<inf>2</inf> population shows that ‘GS19769’ contains more than 1 resistance gene, as the Chi-square test for segregation of resistance and susceptibility does not fit the ratio of 3:1. The bulk segregant analysis by simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers shows that the identified resistance gene is linked to the SSR markers RM224 and RM144 on chromosome 11. Analysis of 15 F<inf>2</inf> plants susceptible to the blast was conducted. The gene was mapped to RM224 and RM144 at the same distance of 20 cM.