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Assessment of the Utility of Chitosan in Drug Delivery of Sulfamethoxazole
(2024-01-01)
Soontorntepwarakul, Nussara
;
Boonyarattanakalin, Kanokthip
;
Srirussamee, Kasama
;
Paul Gleeson, M.
The objective of this research was to develop chitosan (CS) nanoparticles (NP) and microfibres (MF) for oral delivery applications related to low solubility drugs. The ionic gelation method in conjunction with freeze-drying was used to produce crosslinked chitosan material. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) was used to characterize particle size and polydispersity index (PDI). Surface morphology was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The antibiotic drug sulfamethoxazole (SMO) was loaded onto the chitosan nano/micro material. The degree of loading, loading efficiency and the release kinetics were investigated using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and UV-visible spectrophotometry, respectively. We found that CS nanoparticles have the potential to improve the delivery properties of SMO due to their more rapid release compared to microfibres or traditional tablet formulations.
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Effects of modulated concentration of ZnO nanoparticles on enhancing biosynthesis of metabolites and protecting plant membrane
(2019-01-01)
Chayaprasert, Wilailack
;
Sompornpailin, Kanokporn
Nowadays, nanoparticles are raising their applications around the world. ZnO nanoparticles are extensively used in the industrial and agricultural processes because of low price and less toxicity. Nevertheless, the pros and cons, effects of ZnO nanoparticles are still under discussing. This research aimed to study the protective effects of ZnO nanoparticles on plant physiology at the cellular level by analyzing biomaterial levels in relation to the stability of cellular membranes. Shoots of wild type and tt8 transgenic tobaccos were grown under tissue culture condition in the medium, adding 0, 10, 20 mg/L ZnO nanoparticles. Under media conditions adding 10, 20 mg/L ZnO nanoparticles, tobacco increased accumulation of plant metabolites (total soluble sugar and flavonoids). In these ZnO conditions, wild type and transgenic tobaccos enhanced total soluble sugar about 30-50% and 20-30%, respectively. The highest content of total soluble sugar was found in 20 mg/L ZnO nanoparticle condition. In similarity to the content of total soluble sugar, tobacco plants showed the highest average contents of flavone, flavonol and anthocyanin after growing in 20 mg/L ZnO nanoparticle conditions, 92.8%, 61.39% and 48.81% in wild type and 73.49%, 52.39% and 81.68% in transgenics, respectively. Tobaccos under 10 mg/L ZnO media condition increased the accumulation of total soluble sugar and flavonoid contents less than those under 20 mg/L ZnO media condition. However, these plants showed the lowest average percentage of cell membrane injury, 19.5% in wild type and 10-18% in transgenic tobaccos, following with plant under 20 mg/L ZnO nanoparticle and non ZnO nanoparticle conditions. Therefore, 10-20 mg/L ZnO nanoparticles in the media showed the induction of plant metabolites, especially in transgenics, and the enhancements of plant protection when compared with the same line tobacco under condition of non ZnO nanoparticles. Ten mg/L ZnO nanoparticle media is the best condition in protecting cellular membrane of tobacco.
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Electrical switching and conduction mechanisms of nonvolatile write-once-read-many-times memory devices with ZnO nanoparticles embedded in polyvinylpyrrolidone
(2014-01-01)
Onlaor, K.
;
Thiwawong, T.
;
Tunhoo, B.
We reported on the influence of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on the electrical bistable behavior of nonvolatile write-once-read-many-times (WORM) memory devices based on an indium-tin oxide/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP):ZnO NPs/aluminum (ITO/PVP:ZnO/Al) structure. The maximum ON/OFF current ratio of the nonvolatile WORM memory devices was approximately 3 × 10<sup>3</sup> and the devices remained in the ON state even after the applied voltage was turned off. In addition, reliability studies for response time and once write/continuous read operations of the optimal ZnO NPs concentration are presented. The response times of both rise-time and fall-time were about 3 and 6 μs respectively. The conduction mechanisms of all voltage regions of the device were analyzed by theoretical models and electron trapping in the ZnO NPs of the electron tunneling among a PVP matrix was discussed. © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Effect of nanoparticle additives on rough surface cylinder in line contact under TEHL with non-Newtonian lubricant
(2014-01-01)
Mongkolwongrojn, Mongkol
;
Rattapasakorn, Sountaree
This paper presents the results of a transient analysis of thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication (TEHL) of a rough cylinder on a rough flat surface in line contact with non-Newtonian lubricant blended with Al2O 3 nanoparticles. The simultaneous systems of time-dependent modified Reynolds equation, elasticity equation and energy equation with initial conditions were solved numerically using multigrid multilevel with full approximation technique. In this study, the effect of Al2 O3 nanoparticle additives, surface roughness and sudden overload on TEHL of two surfaces in line contact were examined. The minimum film thickness and the pressure spike increase slightly with an increase in nanoparticle concentration. For TEHL with Al2 O3 nanoparticle additives, the film temperature increases very little due to thermal enhancement of nanofluids.

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