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    Bioactivity of teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) and cajeput (Melaleuca cajuputi Powell) leaf extracted on inhibition fruit fungal pathogens
    (2023-09-01)
    Suwandee, S.
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    Saelee, R.
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    ;
    Results showed that cajeput oil at 10,000 ppm had the highest inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth of all tested fungi, with an inhibition rate of 92.5%. It was followed by cajeput crude extract at 20,000 ppm and teak crude extract at 25,000 ppm, with inhibition rates of 88.6% and 67.0%, respectively. Thus, cajeput oil and cajeput extract showed promising potential in controlling fruit fungal pathogens. Effective concentration (EC<inf>50</inf> and EC<inf>90</inf>) of each extract suggested that the lowest concentration to inhibit mycelial growth, spore germination and spore formation were in between 50-90%, which the concentration range between 100 to 30,000 ppm depending on the extracts and pathogen species. This finding could be useful in evaluating the appropriate concentration of each extract for controlling plant pathogenic fungi.
      4
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    Item type:Publication,
    In vitro assessment of crude extract from Gomphrena weed (Gomphrena celosioides Mart.) for control of plant pathogenic fungi causing chili diseases
    (2023-03-01)
    Apithanasakulngeon, P.
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    Somnuek, S.
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    ;
    Jaenaksorn, T.
    The phytochemical screening of both the flowers and other aerial parts of the Gomphrena weed extract (Gomphrena celosioides Mart.) presented alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenolics/tannins, and terpenoids. The extracts from both parts at 80, 160, and 240 mg/ml were significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of C. gloeosporioides and Fusarium sp. compared to inoculated control by paper disc diffusion. The extract from both parts of the Gomphrena weed at the highest concentration (160 mg/ml) significantly showed the greatest inhibitory effect on mycelial growth of Sclerotium sp. (100 percent), followed by C. gloeosporioides (82.5 percent), Cercospora sp. (41.16 percent), and Fusarium sp. (24.41 percent) when tested using the poisoned food technique. The spore germination test revealed both parts of the weed extract yielded concentrations which were completely inhibited (100 percent) on the spore germination of C. capsici, C. gloeosporioides, and Fusarium sp.
      2
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    Item type:Publication,
    Acaricidal effects of herb extracts on the mushroom mites, Luciaphorus perniciosus rack and formicomotes heteromorphus Magowski
    (2008-01-01)
    Pumnuan, J.
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    Insung, A.
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    Chandrapatya, A.
    Crude methanol, dichloromethane and hexane extracts obtained from the flowers of clove, Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M. Perry, bark of cinnamon, Cinnamomum bejolghota (Buch.-Ham.) Sweet, rhizome of sweet flag, Acorus calamus L. and seed of black piper, Piper nigrum L., were tested against the mushroom mites Luciaphorus perniciosus Rack and Formicomotes heteromorphus Magowski. A contact method with a completely randomize design was employed. Clove and cinnamon extracts of 125 mg/cm<sup>2</sup> caused 88.7–100% mortality of both mites. Dichloromethane extracts of clove and cinnamon showed the highest toxicity against L. perniciosus and F. heteromorphus with LD<inf>50</inf> values of 34.97 and 20.44 mg/cm<sup>2</sup>, respectively. Methanol extracts of sweet flag and black pepper (125 mg/cm<sup>2</sup>) caused 70–79% L. perniciosus and F. heteromorphus mortalities. Hexane and dichloromethane sweet flag extracts were more toxic to L. perniciosus than the methanol extract of the same plant. Dichloromethane and hexane black pepper crude extracts and methanol extract of sweet flag caused less than 50% L. perniciosus mortality.