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    Enhancing Performance of Composite-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators Through Laser Surface Patterning and Graphite Coating for Sustainable Energy Solutions
    (2024-11-01)
    Amorntep, Narong
    ;
    Siritaratiwat, Apirat
    ;
    Srichan, Chavis
    ;
    Sriphan, Saichon
    ;
    Wiangwiset, Thalerngsak
    The performance of composite-based triboelectric nanogenerators (C–TENGs) was significantly enhanced through laser surface patterning and graphite coating. The laser etching process produced accurate and consistent patterns, increasing surface area and improving charge accumulation. SEM imagery confirmed the structural differences and enhanced surface properties of the laser-etched C–TENGs. Graphite fibers further augmented the contact surface area, enhancing charge accumulation and diffusion. Experimental results demonstrated that the optimized C–TENGs, especially those with line patterns and graphite coating, achieved a maximal 98.87 V open-circuit voltage (V<inf>OC</inf>) and a 0.10 µA/cm<sup>2</sup> short-circuit current density (J<inf>SC</inf>) under a 20 N external force. Environmental tests revealed a slight decrease in performance with increased humidity, while long-term stability tests indicated consistent performance over three weeks. Practical application tests showed the potential of C–TENGs integrated into wearable devices, generating sufficient energy for low-power applications, thereby highlighting the promise of these devices for sustainable energy solutions.
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    Effect of Surface Modification on Corrosion Resistance, Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Epoxy Resin-Based Nanocomposites
    (2023-01-01)
    Buaphuen, Phummiphat
    ;
    Tongpon, Pattaraton
    ;
    Vittayakorn, Wanwilai
    The epoxy resin-based nanocomposites have been used to overcome the drawback of epoxy resin such as brittle, low impact resistance, poor stress cracking and poor corrosion resistance in the aggressive environment by incorporating inorganic nanoparticles into the high cross-linked structure of epoxy resin. However, the main problem of these composites is the agglomeration of nanoparticles which influences the worst dispersion in the epoxy matrix and leads to poor properties of the composite. Therefore, this work aims to study the effect of nanoparticle additions, i.e. ZrO<inf>2</inf> nanoparticle and SiO<inf>2</inf> nanoparticle including waste glass powder (WGP) which is an alternative inorganic filler, on properties of the epoxy resin-based nanocomposite. The particle surface of each filler was also modified with 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GTPMS) in order to achieve better dispersion in the disk-shaped bulk composites. The chemical property of modified fillers was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The physical properties, mechanical properties, water absorption and corrosion resistance of all composites are then investigated. The results revealed that the incorporations of ZrO<inf>2</inf>, SiO<inf>2</inf>, and WGP with GPTMS surface modification into epoxy resin-based nanocomposite exhibit better performance in mechanical properties, water absorption and corrosion resistance than the unmodified surface of ZrO<inf>2</inf>, SiO<inf>2</inf>, and WGP additions. Although, both modified- and unmodified surfaces of fillers for the epoxy resin-based nanocomposites show improvement in all properties compared to the neat epoxy resin but the electrical properties of epoxy resin-based nanocomposites with unmodified fillers and GPTMS-modified fillers do not show a significant effect on any electrical properties.
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    Influence of various nanofillers on mechanical and electrical properties of epoxy resin composites
    (2022-01-01)
    Kitichatpayak, D.
    ;
    Makcharoen, W.
    ;
    Vittayakorn, N.
    ;
    Vittayakorn, Wanwilai
    Epoxy-based composites are widely used in the aircraft, automobile, and microelectronic industries. The incorporation of various nanofillers into epoxy resins can yield high-performance composites having high strength, lightweight, and multifunctional properties. So, this work focuses on the preparation of various inorganic nanoparticles including the waste glass powder received from the broken windowpane filled in an epoxy resin matrix to create high-performance composites. The physical, chemical, mechanical, and electrical properties were investigated for all samples. The results show that the neat epoxy resin shows the lowest HV value and loses the most weight in the abrasion test. Whereas ZnO/epoxy resin composite shows the highest H<inf>V</inf>, the Al<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>/epoxy resin composite loses less weight in the abrasion test. For electrical results, the resistivity of epoxy resin composites filled with 2 wt% of Al<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> shows the highest value which is about 45% increase from the pure epoxy resin. Finally, it can be concluded that all inorganic fillers which are SiO<inf>2</inf>, Al<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>, TiO<inf>2</inf>, and ZnO including waste glass powder can really improve the hardness, abrasion resistance, and electrical resistivity of the epoxy resin.
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    The enhancement of polymer composite coating by using a waste glass powder as alternative reinforcement
    (2022-01-01)
    Buaphuen, Phummiphat
    ;
    Makcharoen, Worawut
    ;
    Vittayakorn, Wanwilai
    Epoxy-based composites are widely used as a surface coating in the aircraft, automobile and microelectronic industries due to theirs great mechanical properties, excellent strength-to-weight ratio, lightweight, and good machinability. However, the epoxy-based coating has poor corrosion resistance in a severe environment such as in seawater. The incorporation of various fillers into epoxy resins can yield high-performance composites having high strength, lightweight, multifunctional properties and also improve corrosion resistance. Therefore, this study focuses on the preparation of inorganic nanoparticles filled in an epoxy resin matrix to create high-performance composites. The waste glass powder (WGP) was selected to use as the alternative reinforcement in epoxy resin-based composites in order to search for a sustainable and recycling filler along with the use of commercial SiO<inf>2</inf> as a comparative filler. The broken glass from household waste was processed through a high-speed vibratory milling technique until reaching the micrometer level. The physical properties, microstructure, mechanical properties, electrical properties, water absorption and corrosion resistance of all composites are investigated. The results show that after mixing WGP with an epoxy resin matrix, both Vickers hardness and abrasion resistance significantly increase compared to the neat epoxy resin whereas the water absorption ability of composites decreases. For the electrical properties, WGP does not show a significant effect on dielectric constant, dielectric loss and resistivity whereas the anticorrosive performances of the WGP/epoxy resin composite coating are improved.
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    Utilization of Waste Glass Powder as a Filler in Epoxy Resin Based Composite
    (2021-01-01)
    Buaphuen, P.
    ;
    Khunna, D.
    ;
    Vittayakorn, W.
    This work focuses on the preparation of a high-quality glass powder from broken household waste glass. The expected glass powder prepared from household waste must show a high amount of silicon dioxide with fine particle size. The processing technique used in this work is coarse grinding and high-speed vibratory milling under a variety of conditions to get the best quality of glass powder. The particle size and particle size distribution were examined by using DLS technique. The chemical composition was examined by EDX together with FT-IR and XRF spectroscopies. The morphology of all glass powders was investigated by SEM. The results showed that the wide range of particle size distribution occurred in all milling conditions, which approximately ranged from 1 to 10 µm, and the 4 h-milling time showed the smallest particle size of glass powder. The chemical analysis showed that the glass powder was rich in silica which contained about 67% of SiO<inf>2</inf>. After that, the various ratios of the glass powder/epoxy resin composites were formed by using the traditional casting method. The physical, mechanical and electrical properties were investigated for all composites. The results showed that the H<inf>v</inf> value of the glass powder/epoxy resin composites exhibited a much higher value than that of pure epoxy resin. For the electrical properties, after added 1 wt% of glass powder into the matrix, the ε<inf>r</inf> and R significantly increased. The E<inf>b</inf> value of the composite prepared from waste glass powder showed no significant difference from the composite prepared from commercial SiO<inf>2</inf>. So, it can say that the waste glass powder can be used as a filler in the epoxy resin-based composite as well as the commercial SiO<inf>2</inf> powder for the electrical insulting application.