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CNTFET Based Design of Optimized High Frequency VCII and Its Application as Mixed Mode Universal Filter Suitable for VHF Band
(2025-03-01)
Khole, Smita
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Bhanja, Mousumi
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Faseehuddin, Mohammad
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Shireen, Sadia
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Tangsrirat, Worapong
In this research, Carbon Nanotube Field-effect Transistors (CNTFETs) are employed in the design of a second-generation Voltage Conveyor (VCII), an analog block. The aim of this research is to study CNTFETs as an alternative to CMOS for designing high-frequency and low-voltage circuits. The complete design procedure for VCII and its two variants, namely, modified VCII (M-VCII) and VCII minus (VCII−) is presented. This work incorporates variations in the design variables of CNTFETs, including pitch, the number of tubes, and the diameter of carbon nanotubes (CNT). The study explores the impact of these variations on the critical performance parameters of the CNTFETs. The optimal values of the design variables for each transistor are calculated through extensive simulation analysis using the Verilog-A semi-empirical Stanford Virtual-Source Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistor model. The CNTFET-based VCII and its variants are optimized and validated at the supply voltage of ±0.9 V. The CNTFET-based VCII exhibits improved voltage and current bandwidths of 1.4 and 1 THz, respectively. The input/output impedance and power dissipation also validate improvement compared to CMOS implementation. To verify the performance of the proposed VCII and its variants, they are used in the design of a mixed-mode universal filter (MMUF). The proposed filter is designed for a cut-off frequency of 79 MHz and consumes 7.368 mW of power. The effects of parameter variations and noise on the VCII design are also discussed.
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Minimal Realization Plus Current Output CC-based Biquad Circuit
(2023-01-01)
Wisetphanichkij, Sompong
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Angkeaw, Krit
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Sra-Ium, Napat
This paper presents a minimal design of biquad circuit using only one plus current output type-II current conveyor (CCII), one differential voltage current conveyor (DVCC) and grounded passive components. The circuit enables all 5 basic filter types, low-pass (LP), band-pass (BP), high-pass (HP), band-stop (BS) and all-pass (AP) implementation by the selection and addition of the input and output currents with no component matching constraints. Moreover, the circuit parameters $\omega$0 and Q can be set simply by adjusting the circuit components. The proposed biquad circuit performance has very low sensitivity to circuit components due to its simple structure and small number of devices (2 active and 4 grounded passive components). This allows the circuit to work at high frequencies. The performance of the proposed topology was evaluated through PSPICE simulator using the 0. 1S$\mu$m CMOS technology from the Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC).
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1.2 V Differential Difference Transconductance Amplifier and Its Application in Mixed-Mode Universal Filter
(2022-05-01)
Kumngern, Montree
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Suksaibul, Pichai
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Khateb, Fabian
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Kulej, Tomasz
This paper presents a new mixed-mode universal filter based on a differential difference transconductance amplifier (DDTA). Unlike the conventional transconductance amplifier (TA), this DDTA has both advantages of the TA and the differential difference amplifier (DDA). The proposed filter can offer four-mode operations of second-order transfer functions into a single topology, namely, voltage-mode (VM), current-mode (CM), transadmittance-mode (TAM), and transimpedance-mode (TIM) transfer functions. Each operation mode offers five standard filtering responses; therefore, at least twenty filtering transfer functions can be obtained. For the filtering transfer functions, the matching conditions for the input and passive component are absent. The natural frequency and the quality factor can be set orthogonally and electronically controlled. The performance of the proposed topology was evaluated by PSPICE simulator using the 0.18 µm CMOS technology from the Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC). The voltage supply was 1.2 V and the power dissipation of the DDTA was 66 µW. The workability of the filter was confirmed through experimental test by DDTA-based LM13600 discrete-component integrated circuits.
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0.3-Volt Rail-to-Rail DDTA and Its Application in a Universal Filter and Quadrature Oscillator
(2022-04-01)
Khateb, Fabian
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Kumngern, Montree
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Kulej, Tomasz
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Biolek, Dalibor
This paper presents the extremely low-voltage supply of the CMOS structure of a differential difference transconductance amplifier (DDTA). With a 0.3-volt supply voltage, the circuit offers rail-to-rail operational capability. The circuit is designed for low-frequency biomedical and sensor applications, and it consumes 357.4 nW of power. Based on two DDTAs and two grounded capacitors, a voltage-mode universal filter and quadrature oscillator are presented as applications. The universal filter possesses high-input impedance and electronic tuning ability of the natural frequency in the range of tens up to hundreds of Hz. The total harmonic distortion (THD) for the band-pass filter was 0.5% for 100 mV<inf>pp</inf> @ 84.47 Hz input voltage. The slight modification of the filter yields a quadrature oscillator. The condition and the frequency of oscillation are orthogonally controllable. The frequency of oscillation can also be controlled electronically. The THD for a 67 Hz oscillation frequency was around 1.2%. The circuit is designed and simulated in a Cadence environment using 130 nm CMOS technology from United Microelectronics Corporation (UMC). The simulation results confirm the performance of the designed circuits.
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0.5 V Differential Difference Transconductance Amplifier and Its Application in Voltage-Mode Universal Filter
(2022-01-01)
Khateb, Fabian
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Kumngern, Montree
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Kulej, Tomasz
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Biolek, Dalibor
This paper presents an innovative CMOS structure for Differential Difference Transconductance Amplifiers (DDTA). While the circuit operates under extremely low voltage supply 0.5 V, the circuit's performance is improved thanks to using the multiple-input MOS transistor (MI-MOST), the bulk-driven, self-cascode and partial positive feedback (PPF) techniques. As a result, the DDTA structure is less complex, with high gain of 93 dB, wide input voltage range nearly rail-to-rail, and wide transconductance tunability. As an example of application, a second-order voltage-mode universal filter using three DDTAs and two 6 pF integrated capacitors is presented. The filter is designed such that no matching conditions are required for the input and passive components, and the input signals need not be inverted. The natural frequency and the quality factor can be set orthogonally while the natural frequency can be electronically controlled. The circuit was designed and simulated in Cadence environment using 0.18 \mu \text{m} TSMC technology. The simulation results including intensive Monte-Carlo (MC) and process, temperature, voltage (PVT) analysis confirm the stability and the robustness of the design to process, mismatch variation and PVT corners.
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Multiple-Input Universal Filter and Quadrature Oscillator Using Multiple-Input Operational Transconductance Amplifiers
(2021-01-01)
Kumngern, Montree
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Khateb, Fabian
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Kulej, Tomasz
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Psychalinos, Costas
This paper presents a new multiple-input single -output voltage-mode universal biquad filter based on multiple-input operational transconductance amplifiers (MI-OTA). This work demonstrates that the multiple-input OTA-based universal filter can provide more filtering responses and other benefits, compared to conventional OTA-based one. The filter provides electronic and orthogonal control of the natural frequency and the quality factor. Furthermore, a two-phase quadrature oscillator can be obtained by slightly modifying the proposed universal filter while the condition and frequency of oscillation can be controlled orthogonally and electronically. The performance of the proposed circuit is evaluated in Cadence environment using the TSMC $0.18~\mu \text{m}$ CMOS technology. The voltage supply is 1.2 V and the power dissipation of the MI-OTA is $24~\mu \text{W}$. For 1% third intermodulation distortion (IMD3) the dynamic range of the band-pass filter is 78.6 dB. In addition, the proposed filter and oscillator are investigated through experiment tests using LM13700 commercially available OTA.
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Analog median filtering circuit using CMOS three-input max/min cell
(2018-06-08)
Wongjan, Anan
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Julsereewong, Amphawan
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Junsing, Tipparat
This paper presents a current-mode design technique for complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) implementation of an analog median filtering circuit for real-time signal processing. The proposed three-input median filtering circuit consists of three-input maximum/ minimum (max/min) cell, dual-output current mirrors, and current summation. The max/min cell used is based on an existing multiple-input max/min circuit for simultaneously determining the maximum and minimum values of input signals to overcome the limitations of tree realization by using two-input max/min selectors. Additionally, transistors used in the max/min cell are biased at the edge of conduction to minimize corner errors. PSPICE simulation results are given to verify the operation of the proposed median filtering circuit.
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Four-input four-output current-mode multifunction filter using CDTAs
(2017-07-02)
Kumngern, Montree
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Torteanchai, Usa
This paper proposed a novel four-input four-output current-mode employing two grounded capacitors and two current differencing transconductance amplifiers (CDTAs) from a universal filter and it has been done. The filter could implement five filtering functions on a single topology. The conditions of passive component-matching and requirements of inverting-type input signal are absent in implementing of these filtering functions. The bias currents could control the natural frequency electronically meanwhile the filter passive and active sensitivities are low. To confirm between both the proposed filter and presented theory, the PSPICE simulation results were taken and carried out.
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Quadrature Oscillator Using Operational Transresistance Amplifiers
(2016-07-02)
Torteanchai, Usa
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Phatsornsiri, Punnavich
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Kumngern, Montree
This paper presents a new quadrature oscillator using operational transresistance amplifiers (OTRAs). The use of OTRA as active elements which offers low parasitic parameters, high slew rate and high bandwidth independent of the gain, precision of oscillating frequency can be achieved. The oscillating frequency and oscillating condition of proposed oscillator can be independently controlled. Also output terminals are possessed low impedance level which can be directly connected to the load without any buffer circuits. Simulation results verifying the theoretical analysis are included to confirm proposed structure. From simulation results, it can be expressed that the simulation result is very agree well with theory.
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Single-element control third-order quadrature oscillator using OTRAs
(2015-01-05)
Kumngern, Montree
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Kansiri, Ittipol
This paper presents a new third-order quadrature oscillator using operational transresistance amplifiers as active elements. The proposed circuit provides high precision of the frequency of oscillation. The frequency of oscillation can be controlled using a single passive component and the condition of oscillation can be controlled orthogonally by setting the circuit components. Also two quadrature voltage output terminals possess low impedance level which can be directly connected to the load. Simulation results verifying the theoretical analysis are also included.

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