Phunpruch, Saranya

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Phunpruch, Saranya
Alternative Name
Phunpruch, S.
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Email
saranya.ph@kmitl.ac.th

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    Microwave-Assisted Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Chlorella sp. for Antibacterial and Cytotoxicity Effects of Breast Cancer Cell Line
    (2026-03-01)
    Manklinniam, Piyapan
    ;
    Pornroongruengchok, Weerawat
    ;
    Phunpruch, Saranya
    ;
    Phaepilin, Adisorn
    ;
    Pook-In, Grissana
    Microwave-assisted biosynthesis using marine Chlorella sp. extracts provides a green and efficient route for the production of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Compared with the conventional method (24 h), microwave-assisted synthesis reduces the reaction time to less than 7 min while producing smaller and more uniformly distributed nanoparticles. AgNPs were synthesized using extracts obtained with different solvents and directly compared with those produced via the conventional method to substantiate the efficiency of the microwave-assisted approach. UV–visible spectroscopy confirmed rapid nanoparticle formation, exhibiting surface plasmon resonance peaks in the range of 405 to 427 nm. TEM analysis revealed predominantly spherical AgNPs with particle sizes of approximately 10 to 20 nm. The XRD and FTIR analyses confirmed their crystalline structure and stabilization by algal-derived functional groups. The biological activities of the AgNPs were dependent on the extraction solvent. AgNPs synthesized using hexane extracts exhibited pronounced antibacterial activity, achieving minimum inhibitory concentrations as low as 0.31 µg/mL. In addition, the AgNP induced concentration-dependent cytotoxic effects in human breast cancer cell lines. IC<inf>50</inf> values, determined via dose–response analysis, ranged from 0.18 to 0.67 μg/mL in MDA-MB-231 cells and 1.70 to 8.42 μg/mL in MCF-7 cells. These results indicate a potent cytotoxic profile, with MDA-MB-231 cells exhibiting significantly higher sensitivity to the microwave-assisted formulations. Collectively, these findings highlight microwave-assisted algal-mediated biosynthesis as a sustainable and effective platform for generating bioactive AgNPs with promising antibacterial and anticancer potential.
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    Biomass Production of Chlorella vulgaris var. vulgaris TISTR 8261 During Cultivation in Modified Food Industry Wastewater
    (2025-12-01)
    Taikhao, Samart
    ;
    Phunpruch, Saranya
    Industrial wastewater can serve as a low-cost nutritional source for sustainable microalgal biomass production. This study investigated the biomass of Chlorella vulgaris var. vulgaris TISTR 8261 grown in untreated wastewater collected from four food industry factories in Phra Nakhon Sri Ayutthaya Province, Thailand. Among them, wastewater from a processed food production plant (PFPP) supported the highest algal growth. Supplementation with 17.4 mM sodium acetate significantly improved algal biomass yield. Further optimization with 3.7 mM NH<inf>4</inf>Cl, 1.0 mM KH<inf>2</inf>PO<inf>4</inf>, 0.2 mM MgSO<inf>4</inf>, and a moderate concentration of trace minerals enhanced the specific growth rate and chlorophyll concentration. Scaled-up cultivation in 3.5 L culture bottles in optimized PFPP yielded a maximum biomass yield of 8.436 ± 0.378 g L<sup>−1</sup>, comparable to 6.498 ± 0.436 g L<sup>−1</sup> in standard TAP medium. Biomass composition analysis after 15 days of cultivation revealed 42.70 ± 1.40% protein, 17.10 ± 1.60% carbohydrate, and 1.90 ± 0.10% lipid on a dry weight basis. These findings demonstrate that optimized PFPP wastewater can effectively support high-density cultivation of C. vulgaris var. vulgaris TISTR 8261, yielding nutritionally rich biomass, and offering a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable strategy for industrial-scale microalgal production.