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    Item type:Publication,
    Tooth profile modifications for optimum dynamic load in spur gears based on pseudo-interference stiffness estimation method
    (2005-01-01) ;
    Kazerounian, Kazem
    A systematic methodology combining optimization, three dimensional analytical rigid body dynamics and a novel method, namely, Pseudo-Interference Stiffness Estimation method (PISE) []- [2], is proposed to dramatically reduce gear design time and improve the spur gear system dynamic performance. The main aim of this methodology is to search for the profiles of tooth crowning and shaving that eventually lead to the optimum dynamic tooth load in the gear mesh. An example of the detailed design study is numerically investigated. The results show that the dynamic tooth load can be reduced to up to 50 percent of its original value. However, this reduction is only valid at the operating ranges of the design load and design speed. It is also found that the effect of profile modification on the dynamic response of the gear system was mostly observed to be a reduction in the peak dynamic tooth load at the resonance speed. Later, the investigation of gear tooth durability was conducted to validate an improvement of gear life. The rating factors given in AGMA publication, Hertzian contact stress, bending fatigue stress, flash temperature and PV index are employed in gear durability determination. The results show that, with the reduction of 50 percent in dynamic tooth load, the reductions in PV index, bending fatigue, Hertzian contact stress, and flash temperature can be achieved up to 64, 58, 28 and 39 percent, respectively. Copyright © 2005 by ASME.
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    Efficient evaluation of spur gear tooth mesh load using pseudo-interference stiffness estimation method
    (2002-08-01) ;
    Kazerounian, Kazem
    This paper presents a new method, pseudo-interference stiffness estimation (PISE), for evaluating the equivalent mesh stiffness and the mesh load in gear system. The PISE method is based on evaluation of the geometric overlap of two assumedly rigid bodies and estimation of the contact force based on this artificial overlap area (or volume) and the singular stiffness (at the point of contact) of the bodies. Computationally, this procedure is orders of magnitude about 2000 times (in our numerical simulation) faster than finite element analysis of contacting bodies. This significant gain in computational efficiency leads itself to practical dynamic simulation of complex gear systems. In this paper, examples of two cylinders contact problem were solved by PISE method and finite element contact model. The results from both methods show reasonable agreement. PISE is then applied to gear teeth contact problem to estimate the equivalent mesh stiffness. The estimated results were compared with the finite element contact results. The comparison from PISE and finite element contact analysis also shows good agreement. © 2002 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
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    Turbulent heat transfer through a heat exchanger with porous twisted tape inserts
    (2009-01-01)
    Eiamsa-Ard, S.
    ;
    Wongcharee, K.
    ;
    Rattanawong, S.
    ;
    Eiamsa-Ard, P.
    ;
    In this present work, the influences of the porous twisted tape (PT) on the heat transfer and the pressure loss are studied experimentally. The comparative experiments are conducted in the tube fitted with the PT or typical twisted tape (TT) at different twist ratios, y/w = 4.0 and 5.0, in the Reynolds number ranging from 4800 to 16,000 under uniform heat flux conditions. In the experiments, the PT inserts generate swirls that modify the near wall velocity profile resulted in improvement of the heat transfer rate. The experimental results reveal that the heat transfer rates increase with decreasing twist ratio (y/w) for all twisted tapes used in the experiments. The heat transfer rates increase up to 71% with the help of the PT. The increases in average Nusselt numbers of using PT and TT are found to be 48% and 22%, respectively, over those of the corresponding plain tube. However, PT causes a considerable increase in friction factor. The mean increases of friction factors for PT and TT are respectively, about 3.14 and 2.45 times in comparison with that for the plain tube. Mean friction factor and Nusselt number for PT, are respectively 28% and 21% higher than those for TT. In addition, the empirical correlations of the Nusselt number and friction factor are also reported.
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    Pseudo-interference stiffness estimation, a highly efficient numerical method for force evaluation in contact problems
    (2003-10-07) ;
    Kazerounian, K.
    This paper presents a novel method, Pseudo-Interference Stiffness Estimation (PISE), for evaluating the contact compliance and the contact load in the contacting elastic solids. The PISE method is based on the evaluation of the geometric overlap of two assumedly rigid bodies and estimation of the contact force based on this artificial overlap area (or volume). In this paper, an example of the dynamic simulation of two disk collision problem is solved both by PISE method and finite element contact model. The contact force and velocity changes during impact from both methods are shown to be in good agreement. However, PISE method is, computationally, orders of magnitude (about 3000 times in our numerical simulations) faster than finite element contact analysis. The proposed method will be of practical use in contact force approximation of contacting bodies, such as meshing of spur gear teeth, cam analysis and synthesis, robotic grabbing, and numerous other applications.