Pornpukdeewattana, Soisuda

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Preferred name
Pornpukdeewattana, Soisuda
Alternative Name
Pornpukdeewattana, S.
Main Affiliation
Email
soisuda.po@kmitl.ac.th

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    Item type:Publication,
    Alicyclobacillus spoilage and control - a review
    (2020-01-02)
    Pornpukdeewattana, Soisuda
    ;
    Jindaprasert, Aphacha
    ;
    Massa, Salvatore
    In the last few decades Gram positive non pathogenic, rod shaped, thermo-acidophilic and acid-tolerant spore-forming bacteria such as Alicyclobacillus spp. have been identified as the causative agent in spoilage of commercially pasteurized fruit juice. In particular, A. acidoterrestris is considered a major producer of off-flavors. The spores of A. acidoterrestris possess the ability to survive commercial pasteurization processes, to germinate and grow in low pH environments and to produce volatile, unpleasant odorous compound (guaiacol) in fruit juices. The flat sour type of spoilage (without gas production or package swelling) is characterized as having a “medicinal,” “smoky,” and “antiseptic” off-flavor and makes the final juice product unacceptable. Spoilage by Alicyclobacillus is a major concern for producers since many of the new methods, which can destroy spores in the absence of chemical additives, may not destroy Alicyclobacillus. Although A. acidoterrestris is not pathogenic to humans, it can result in significant economic losses to juice processors because of its odor. The present review includes the taxonomy of Alicyclobacillus spp., their general characteristics, their resistance to heat and possible off-flavor production pathways. Particular emphasis is given to commonly used control measures, including physical, chemical and biological treatments currently available for removal of Alicyclobacillus spp.
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    Item type:Publication,
    Antimicrobial resistance: more than 70 years of war between humans and bacteria
    (2020-09-02)
    Nadeem, Syeda Fatima
    ;
    Gohar, Umar Farooq
    ;
    Tahir, Syed Fahad
    ;
    Mukhtar, Hamid
    ;
    Pornpukdeewattana, Soisuda
    Development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria is one of the major issues in the present world and one of the greatest threats faced by mankind. Resistance is spread through both vertical gene transfer (parent to offspring) as well as by horizontal gene transfer like transformation, transduction and conjugation. The main mechanisms of resistance are limiting uptake of a drug, modification of a drug target, inactivation of a drug, and active efflux of a drug. The highest quantities of antibiotic concentrations are usually found in areas with strong anthropogenic pressures, for example medical source (e.g., hospitals) effluents, pharmaceutical industries, wastewater influents, soils treated with manure, animal husbandry and aquaculture (where antibiotics are generally used as in-feed preparations). Hence, the strong selective pressure applied by antimicrobial use has forced microorganisms to evolve for survival. The guts of animals and humans, wastewater treatment plants, hospital and community effluents, animal husbandry and aquaculture runoffs have been designated as “hotspots for AMR genes” because the high density of bacteria, phages, and plasmids in these settings allows significant genetic exchange and recombination. Evidence from the literature suggests that the knowledge of antibiotic resistance in the population is still scarce. Tackling antimicrobial resistance requires a wide range of strategies, for example, more research in antibiotic production, the need of educating patients and the general public, as well as developing alternatives to antibiotics (briefly discussed in the conclusions of this article).