Pongampai, Satana

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Pongampai, Satana

satana.po@kmitl.ac.th

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Synergistic Piezo- and Triboelectricity in a Novel Triglycine Sulfate/Bacterial Cellulose/Chitosan Flexible Composite Nanogenerator
(2025-08-14)
Ukasi, Sirinya
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Saichompoo, Kittipan
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Sae-tang, Chanachot
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Pakawanit, Phakkhananan
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Pongampai, Satana
Organic piezoelectric materials offer sustainable alternatives for mechanical energy harvesting (MEH), yet their potential remains underexplored compared to inorganic counterparts. This study pioneers the use of triglycine sulfate (TGS), a rarely studied organic piezoelectric, within a flexible three-phase composite with bacterial cellulose (BC) and chitosan (CS) for piezoelectric (PENG) and triboelectric (TENG) nanogenerators. Unlike widely researched systems, TGS's unique hybrid organic–inorganic nature is leveraged here for the first time in MEH. Optimized at a 50:50 BC:CS ratio with 40 wt.% TGS, achieves a TENG output of 141.2 V and 93.3 µA post-poling—1.8 and 2.4 fold higher than unpoled samples—driven by TGS's dipole alignment. Separately, the configuration utilizing a 5 wt.% TGS loading yields 13.7 V and 0.19 µA. Advanced characterization (ATR-FTIR, SR-XTM) and simulations (COMSOL, DFT) reveal TGS's synergy with BC/CS roughness, enhancing charge generation. Delivering 118.65 µW cm−2, the TENG (from the 40 wt.% TGS poled sample) powers a digital watch, showcasing practical promise. This work not only introduces TGS as a novel MEH candidate but also provides mechanistic insights into its polarization, advancing bio-hybrid nanogenerator design.
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Towards the preparation of organic ferroelectric composites: fabrication of a gamma-glycine-bacterial cellulose composite via cold sintering process
(2023-07-01)
Noisak, Jitrawan
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Charoonsuk, Thitirat
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Pongampai, Satana
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Pinpru, Nattapong
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Pakawanit, Phakkhananan
The cold sintering process (CSP) has emerged as a revolutionary technique for low-temperature processing of ceramics and composites, enabling high-density fabrication at low temperatures. In this study, we demonstrated the implementation of CSP in fabricating the γ-glycine (γ-G)-bacterial cellulose (BC) composite and evaluated the effect of sintering temperature and holding time on the microstructure and electrical properties. Our findings revealed that an increase in sintering temperature and holding time leads to grain growth, as the transient solvent (water) facilitates the closely-packed microstructure. Moreover, the addition of BC as a filler into the γ-G matrix leads to a composite with a 10% increase in hardness when BC was uniformly distributed in γ-G. The composite with a relative density of 97% was successfully obtained at 120 °C/24 h, preserving the γ polymorph of glycine without the unwanted transformation commonly observed with traditional sintering. We also reported the dielectric and ferroelectric properties of the γ-G-BC composite, exhibiting a remanent polarization of 0.004 μC/cm2 and a coercive field of 1.201 kV/cm. Our findings suggest that CSP is a promising approach for low-temperature processing and fabrication of ceramics, especially when incorporating structurally sensitive filler such as organic ferroelectric, to achieve high-performance composites.
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Structural, optical, and electrical properties of cellulose/titanate nanosheets composite with enhanced protection against gamma irradiation
(2023-10-01)
Maluangnont, Tosapol
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Kwamman, Tanagorn
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Pulphol, Phieraya
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Pongampai, Satana
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Charoonsuk, Thitirat
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have emerged as a promising functional filler in nanocomposites due to their unique anisotropy and resilience to harsh conditions. We report herein the use of Ti<inf>0.91</inf>O<inf>2</inf> nanosheets as a protective component against γ-irradiation to cellulose paper. The titanate nanosheets were prepared via a sequence of solid-state synthesis of lepidocrocite-type Cs<inf>0.7</inf>Ti<inf>1.825</inf>O<inf>4</inf>, proton exchange to H<inf>0.7</inf>Ti<inf>1.825</inf>O<inf>4</inf>·H<inf>2</inf>O, and exfoliation with tetrabutylammonium hydroxide. The nanosheets were incorporated into the commercial cellulose filter paper by a simple dip coating up to 0.6 mg cm−2, equivalent to 10 wt% TiO<inf>2</inf>. The nanosheets distribution was demonstrated by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) mapping, synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). It is found that γ-irradiation (up to 50 kGy) destroyed the cellulose Iβ crystallinity of uncoated paper, but this is less pronounced in the cellulose/titanate nanosheets composite. This was also confirmed by the lack of a 235 nm-absorption characteristics of irradiation-induced decomposition product(s) in nanosheets-containing papers, which also exhibit UVA shielding property. The coated samples remained white while the uncoated ones were darkened with γ-irradiation. In addition, the nanosheets-coated papers showed dielectric permittivity, loss tangent, and AC conductivity which were invariant of the γ-dose, unlike those from the uncoated ones. Our work demonstrates the use of lead-free Ti<inf>0.91</inf>O<inf>2</inf> nanosheets as a γ-shielding component to slow down/prevent structural, optical, and electrical properties damages in cellulose paper, which could extend to other nature-derived materials.
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DESIGNING WEAVING PATTERN AND ENGINEERING MULTILAYER STRUCTURE OF NYLON-ACRYLIC FABRIC UTILIZING IN TRIBOELECTRIC NANOGENERATOR
(2025-01-01)
Navatragulpisit, Suchanat
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Krailadsirirattna, Praophansupa
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Khwanming, Rawiwan
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Pongampai, Satana
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Plaipichit, Suwan
In the contemporary era, the textile triboelectric nanogenerator (T-TENG) has sparked interest to be a powerful energy supply for small electronic devices and electronic component in next generation of electronic textiles. Most T-TENG is developed by adding other materials to fabric or cloths that probably limit the comfortable use. Fabrication of conformable fabrics with high triboelectric outputs remains challenging. This research is firmly focused on the development of fully-fabric T-TENG by employing woven nylon-acrylic fabrics as the main contact material and designing a weaving pattern together with engineering a multi-layered structure to amplify its electrical efficiency. Based on the experimental results, different weaving patterns provided different electrical output values owing to its different contact surface areas. The matt weave pattern can yield the best electrical output regarding the extreme deformations. A further significant enhancement in T-TENG’s performance is consistent with inserting polymer intermediate layer. Adding ball-fiber and kapok serves as a synergetic charge-trapping interlayer, rendering a high triboelectricity of both open circuit voltage (VOC) and short circuit current (ISC) for 3 to 8 times higher than that of nylon-acrylic single layer. Finally, the multilayer fabric T-TENG is integrated with the long-sleeved garments and provide output enough to fully-charge the 0.22 μF and 0.33 μF capacitors together with brightening 30 LEDs. Finally, this work demonstrates a potential way with simple procedures in achieving fully-fabric T-TENG for small-scale energy sources that can harvest biomechanical energy to power electronic component for approaching the real application in E-textile systems.
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RARE EARTH OXIDE DIELECTRICS FOR FLEXIBLE TRIBOELECTRIC NANOGENERATOR
(2025-01-01)
Kingkam, Wilasinee
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Issarapanacheewin, Sudarat
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Ukasi, Sirinya
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Pulphol, Phieraya
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Pakawanit, Phakkhananan
Rare earth oxides (REO) are well known in catalysts, glass-related industries, and permanent magnets manufacturing for almost 70%, according to the mature industry. This work proposes the new developments of REO as the emergence for mechanical energy harvesting (MEH) technology. The binary-system of REO or R<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>, including La<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>, Sm<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> and Nd<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf>, are used as dielectric materials to incorporate polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) for fabricating flexible triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG), one of MEH devices. The change in REO’s amount was studied at 0.5, 2.5, 5, and 10 wt%. Upon applying mechanical force in vertical direction, the PDMS/R<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> TENG can convert mechanical energy into electricity for the best value of ~66 V and ~93 μA with power density of about ~62 μW·cm-2. The PDMS/La<inf>2</inf>O<inf>3</inf> can be used to fully charge the 0.22 and 0.33 μF capacitor within 3 seconds and power up over 100 LEDs directly. Moreover, the influence of triboelectric polarity and dielectricity on the triboelectric output performance is scientifically discussed by following the percolation point with air breakdown limitation’s theory. The researcher believes that the knowledge of this work will be inexhaustible useful to develop a group of REO in broad applications of MEH electronics in future.
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Synergistic Integration of MgAl-LDH Nanosheets into Bacterial Cellulose for High-Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerators
(2025-08-04)
Mohsom, Phitchayaphorn
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Suktep, Natdanai
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Sae-Tang, Chanachot
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Pongampai, Satana
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Pakawanit, Phakkhananan
A novel nanocomposite design is presented in which magnesium aluminum layered double hydroxide (MgAl-LDH) nanosheets are synergistically integrated with bacterial cellulose (BC) to fabricate a flexible triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). Utilizing a facile solution synthesis combined with a casting process, composite films with controlled MgAl-LDH loadings (0.25–5% v/v) were developed. The optimal composite, containing 1.5% v/v MgAl-LDH, exhibits an open-circuit voltage (V<inf>OC</inf>) of 88.5 V, a short-circuit current (I<inf>SC</inf>) of 87.7 μA, and a maximum output power (P<inf>max</inf>) of 1250 μW (power density ≈138 μW/cm2), which is > 35 times higher than that of pristine BC. Notably, this performance corresponds to a superior filler efficiency metric, demonstrating a highly effective use of the nanosheet additive compared to other reported systems. This performance enhancement is attributed to the multifunctional role of MgAl-LDH nanosheets in increasing the dielectric constant through improved interfacial conductivity and the formation of parallel microcapacitors under an induced electric field. Finite element simulations corroborate the proposed mechanism, and practical demonstrations show the nanocomposite powering 200 LEDs as well as functioning as a self-powered sensor for finger movement monitoring. These findings advance the development of high-performance, flexible energy-harvesting devices.
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Design and optimization of Miura-Origami-inspired structure for high-performance self-charging hybrid nanogenerator
(2023-12-01)
Pongampai, Satana
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Pakawanit, Phakkhananan
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Charoonsuk, Thitirat
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Hajra, Sugato
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Kim, Hoe Joon
A hybrid piezoelectric-triboelectric-electromagnetic nanogenerator (HPTENG-EMG) has been designed meticulously by focusing on material selection, structural design, and performance evaluation. The module can operate using three parts; piezoelectric, triboelectric and an electromagnetic mechanism. The hybrid concept of triboelectric and piezoelectric is achieved by fabricating triboelectric-piezoelectric composite materials working through the TENG mechanism. In the material design part, the composite film between bacterial cellulose (BC) and BaTiO<inf>3</inf> nanoparticles (BT-NPs) fabricates and optimizes its properties with a suitable number of BT-NPs. The unique Miura-Origami (MO) hexagonal multilayer shape is applied within the structural design to increase the contact surface area, which enhances the electrical output signal. The third part of the hybrid system incorporates an electromagnetic generator (EMG) by designing a structure of compact and lightweight cylindrical tubes with magnetic levitation structures. The hexagonal multilayer shape of MO composite TENG (MO-CTENG) generates an open-circuit output voltage (V<inf>OC</inf>) of ∼414 V and short-circuit output current (I<inf>SC</inf>) of ∼48.3 μA with maximum output power (P) of about ∼6.94 mW. The highest I<inf>SC</inf> value of ∼38 mA can be promoted in the optimized EMG, which is higher than the MO-CTENG by ∼786 times. The practical application of this technology is demonstrated by human shaking motion for battery charging in the wireless Global Positioning System (GPS). The maximum direct current output voltage (V<inf>DC</inf>) saturation of 30 V can be achieved within 19 s. This work provides a potential methodology for increasing electrical output performance by capturing more mechanical energy through the conjunction of three phenomena into a single device, which exhibits a promising way of addressing an energy crisis.
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A Kirigami-Engineered “Skeletal Framework” Composite for Ultralow Hysteresis and Highly Stable Strain Sensors
(2025-11-24)
Pongampai, Satana
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Chaithaweep, Kanokwan
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Pakawanit, Phakkhananan
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Charoonsuk, Thitirat
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Bongkarn, Theerachai
Wearable strain sensors are pivotal for next-generation human–machine interfaces, yet achieving high fidelity, robustness, and sustainability in a single platform remains a significant challenge. A primary obstacle is the inherent viscoelasticity of soft materials, which leads to signal drift and hysteresis. Here, we report a highly stretchable and ultrastable strain sensor fabricated through a synergistic integration of Kirigami-based structural engineering and nanocomposite material design. By introducing titanium dioxide nanotubes (TNTs) into a bacterial cellulose (BC) matrix, we create a composite with a unique internal “skeletal framework”. This framework substantially reduces viscoelastic losses, resulting in an exceptionally low hysteresis of 0.6% and ensuring robust performance with 99.4% signal stability over >10 000 cycles. Concurrently, the Kirigami-patterned structure enhances stretchability to ∼235% while the framework amplifies sensitivity 5.8-fold. The practical viability of this high-fidelity sensor is demonstrated through the precise and repeatable control of a robotic arm, where ultralow hysteresis proves more critical than raw sensitivity. The sensor’s eco-friendly, water-based fabrication aligns high-fidelity sensing with sustainable processing, presenting a clear design paradigm for engineering reliable and eco-conscious wearable electronic devices.
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Silk Fibroin/Amino Acid Hybrid Organic Piezoelectric-Triboelectric Nanogenerator
(2023-01-01)
Suktep, Natdanai
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Pongampai, Satana
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Pakawanit, Phakkhananan
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Noisak, Jitrawan
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Bongkarn, Theerachai
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) with great performance and biodegradability are desired for the expansion of novel medical devices and wearable electronics. The present study aims at the preparation of natural silk in the form of silk fibroin (SF) film for utilization in TENG and further improving its output efficiency by embedding organic-piezoelectric gamma-glycine (γ-gly) amino acid to be a hybrid-organic piezoelectric/triboelectric nanogenerator (HO-P/TENG). The attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR) results demonstrated the N-H, C = O, and C-N bonding for SF and SF/γ-gly, confirming its dominant effect with a strong electron-donating tendency from those amino groups. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SR-XTM) images show good dispersibility of incorporated γ-gly on the surface and also inside the SF matrix relating to its content to improve the electrical performance homogeneously. By fabricating the device in the vertical contact-separation mode, the present SF/γ-gly HO-P/TENG at 15 wt% provides the maximum output voltage (V<inf>OC</inf>) and current (I<inf>SC</inf>) of 81 V and 121 μA with a maximum output power (P<inf>max</inf>) of 205 μW at the external load resistance of 5 MΩ. This SF-based HO-P/TENG has the advantage of being cost-effective with simple fabrication, demonstrating great promise for practical uses.
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Gamma glycine enhances efficiency of organic hybrid piezoelectric-triboelectric nanogenerators
(2024-01-01)
Ukasi, Sirinya
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Jutapukti, Paritta
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Ninthub, Chiranicha
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Pinpru, Nattapong
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Pakawanit, Phakkhananan
This study presents a comprehensive exploration of enhancing the electrical output of flexible hybrid piezoelectric-triboelectric nanogenerators (P-TENG) through the incorporation of γ-glycine (γ-GC) into fully organic γ-GC/chitosan (CS) composites. A systematic investigation of the effects of γ-GC content (wt%) on the material characteristics and resulting electrical output signal is conducted. The research demonstrates the pivotal role of optimized γ-GC and CS concentrations in achieving superior performance. Through adherence to the percolation threshold principle, a critical γ-GC content is identified, leading to the attainment of the highest output signal. Three theoretical explanations substantiate this observation: firstly, molecular polarization occurring at the interface; secondly, the establishment of a well-connected filler internetwork; and thirdly, mitigation of air breakdown limitations. The interaction of γ-GC and CS fosters a robust hydrogen bond network, aligning interface polarization coherently. Efficient internetwork connections between γ-GC fillers facilitate facile charge generation and transfer. Furthermore, utilizing an appropriate quantity of γ-GC ensures optimal charge entrapment while circumventing issues related to air breakdown. The optimal electrical output is achieved by using 50% γ-GC, resulting in an open-circuit voltage (V<inf>OC</inf>) of 79 V and a short-circuit current (I<inf>SC</inf>) of 64 µA. The maximum power output (P<inf>max</inf>) registers at 705.96 µW under an external load resistance of 1 MΩ. Importantly, practical applications are demonstrated, including capacitor charging (0.22 μF and 0.33 μF), illumination of 100 LEDs, and operation of a scientific calculator-equipped watch.

Pongampai, Satana

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