Suwor, Patcharaporn

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Suwor, Patcharaporn
Alternative Name
Suwor, P.
Suwor, Patcheraporn
Main Affiliation
Email
patcharaporn.su@kmitl.ac.th

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    Genetic Diversity and Geographic Distribution of Cucurbit-Infecting Begomoviruses in the Philippines
    (2023-01-01)
    Neoh, Zhuan Yi
    ;
    Lai, Hsuan Chun
    ;
    Lin, Chung Cheng
    ;
    Suwor, Patcharaporn
    ;
    Tsai, Wen Shi
    Cucurbits are important economic crops worldwide. However, the cucurbit leaf curl disease (CuLCD), caused by whitefly-transmitted begomoviruses constrains their production. In Southeast Asia, three major begomoviruses, Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV), Squash leaf curl China virus (SLCCNV) and Squash leaf curl Philippines virus (SLCuPV) are associated with CuLCD. SLCuPV and SLCCNV were identified in Luzon, the Philippines. Here, the genetic diversity and geographic distribution of CuLCD-associated begomoviruses in the Philippines were studied based on 103 begomovirus detected out of 249 cucurbit samples collected from 60 locations throughout the country in 2018 and 2019. The presence of SLCCNV and SLCuPV throughout the Philippines were confirmed by begomovirus PCR detection and viral DNA sequence analysis. SLCuPV was determined as a predominant CuLCD-associated begomovirus and grouped into two strains. Interestingly, SLCCNV was detected in pumpkin and bottle gourd without associated viral DNA-B and mixed-infected with SLCuPV. Furthermore, the pathogenicity of selected isolates of SLCCNV and SLCuPV was confirmed. The results provide virus genetic diversity associated with CuLCD for further disease management, especially in developing the disease-resistant cultivars in the Philippines as well as Southeast Asia.
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    Gene actions of resistance to anthracnose (Colletotrichum acutatum) of six F1 hybrid chili cultivars at the mature green fruit stage
    (2023-01-01)
    Sangarun, P.
    ;
    Suwor, P.
    ;
    Saetiew, K.
    ;
    Tsai, W. S.
    ;
    Techawongstien, S.
    Anthracnose is an economically important fungal disease affecting the yield and fruit quality of chili in the tropics. This study aimed to assess the anthracnose disease reaction in six hybrid chili pepper cultivars compared with their parental lines. Two male resistant lines were crossed with three commercial female parents by North Carolina mating design II. All chili genotypes were grown in the greenhouse in a randomized complete block design with three replications, 10 plants each. Five mature green fruit plant<sup>-1</sup> were harvested and inoculated with C. acutatum by using the microinjection method. ANT4 had smaller lesions than ANT10. Additionally, the F1-hybrids derived from ANT4 showed smaller disease lesions (7.47-9.82 mm) than on those derived from ANT10 (9.40-11.04 mm). However, the percentage heterosis of anthracnose disease traits in ‘Jindanil 80’ (JD) and ANT4 gave the lowest value to other parents. Hybrid JD × ANT4 showed the lowest anthracnose lesion size. However, the heterosis of cross the NM × ANT10 was the most negative at -43.68. The mode of gene action was found to be additive rather than involving dominant effects, with a narrow-sense heritability of 50.9% and broad sense heritability of 70.1%. Therefore, the resistant parent ANT4 cultivar is crucial for use as a resistant elite line for producing good F1 hybrid tolerance to anthracnose disease.
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    Effects of Aloe vera Gel Coating on Quality and Shelf Life of Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) Fruit During Ambient Storage
    (2022-01-01)
    Pimsorn, Orawan
    ;
    Kramchote, Somsak
    ;
    Suwor, Patcharaporn
    Lime (Citrus aurantiifolia var. Pan) fruits were coated with Aloe vera gel (AVG) at 0 (distilled water as control), 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% concentration as a 5 min dip and stored at ambient temperature (29 ± 1°C, 74 ± 5% RH) for 16 days. AVG coating markedly slowed fruit yellowing based on color scores and CIE L*, a*, and b* values, resulting in an increase in shelf life of about four days longer than that of the control (10 days). It did not significantly affect other fruit responses; AVG-coated and uncoated fruit had comparable weight loss, juice content, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), and vitamin C content. Thus, AVG coating improved shelf life of lime primarily through delayed yellowing without adverse effects on other physicochemical attributes.
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    Combining ability analysis in anthracnose-resistant introgression inbreds and developing improved resistant lines of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)
    (2025-01-01)
    Saengarun, Patcharapan
    ;
    Suwor, Patcharaporn
    ;
    Inprasert, Hathaipat
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    Kumsee, Nattika
    ;
    Tsai, Wen Shi
    Chili peppers (C. annuum L.) are a commercial spice crop in the tropics. In Thailand, chili pepper is a cash crop for farmers and has cultural significance in Thai cuisine. Anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum spp. is responsible for a significant reduction in the marketable fruit yield of chili peppers. In this study, we tested the combining abilities of anthracnose-resistant chili pepper lines possessing resistance introgression genome segments from C. chinense (PBC932) and C. baccatum (PBC80). Six parental inbreds developed from two resistant donors PBC80 and PBC932 were crossed in a haft-diallel fashion to develop 15 cross combinations during 2018. In 2019, seeds of 21 genotypes comprising six parents and 15 F<inf>1</inf> s were planted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and data on plant characteristics, fruit yield and yield components were recorded. Detached fruits were screened against anthracnose causing aggressive species (C. acutatum). ANT4 showed the lowest disease lesion size and lowest GCA value at green and red fruit stages, containing resistance from PBC80. Additionally, the general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were significantly different at the green fruit stage, with the SCA component greater than GCA. Based on GCA and SCA estimates, ANT4 was selected and crossed to three highly susceptible cultivars (Yodsonkeam 80, Num, and Jindanil 80). The crosses were advanced and 10 F<inf>5</inf> lines were developed through marker-assisted selection (MAS) for resistance genes. The MAS was more useful for selecting resistance at the green fruit stage. We also found that MAS was more effective in F<inf>2</inf> progenies compared to F<inf>5</inf> progenies. Finally, we selected 10 new pure lines and evaluated them at the farmer's field. AF1, AF6, and AF7 were highly resistant to anthracnose, a more desirable good fruit type and high yield.
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    Genetic loci associated with Fusarium wilt resistance in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) discovered by genome-wide association study
    (2023-12-01)
    Thanyasiriwat, Thanwanit
    ;
    Tongyoo, Pumipat
    ;
    Saman, Prakob
    ;
    Suwor, Patcharaporn
    ;
    Sangdee, Aphidech
    Fusarium wilt (FW), caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol), has impacted global tomato production. This study aims to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and candidate genes associated with FW resistance against different Fol isolates in tomato accessions using genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Ninety-four tomato accessions were evaluated for FW resistance and subjected to GWAS analysis. Broad-spectrum tomato accessions demonstrated resistance to Fol in at least two isolates, exhibiting a disease severity index (DSI) of 0%. Thirty-two SNP loci were significantly linked to the DSI of Fol isolates TFPK401, BK2269 and NP-T4, clustering on chromosome 6. Among these, 12 common significant SNPs were associated with the DSI of at least two Fol isolates, while four unique SNPs were specific to TFPK401 or NP-T4. Furthermore, candidate genes associated with disease response to Fol infection were identified within a 37.9–41 Mb region flanking the SNPs. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of resistance mechanisms against Fol infection in tomatoes, potentially aiding the development of effective breeding strategies for Fusarium wilt resistance.
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    Improving Pepper Inbreds for Resistance to Pepper Yellow Leaf Curl Thailand Virus (PepYLCTHV) through Challenged Inoculations
    (2024-09-01)
    Kumsee, Nattika
    ;
    Suwor, Patcharaporn
    ;
    Teerarak, Montinee
    ;
    Tsai, Wen Shi
    ;
    Techawongstien, Suchila
    Chili peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) are an economically important crop worldwide. Pepper yellow leaf curl Thailand virus (PepYLCTHV), a Begomovirus causing yellow leaf mosaic disease of chili pepper, has been reported to incur 95% economic loss under epiphytotic conditions. Thirty-one chili genotypes were screened for resistance to PepYLCTHV disease through inoculation using 10–15 viruliferous whiteflies per plant. We purified two resistant lines (PEP6 and PEP12) through four generations of selfing and selection. At 28 days after inoculations, two chili genotypes (PEP6 and PEP12) had low disease severity and percentage of disease incidence (DI) compared to four susceptible checks, viz., Yodsonkeam80, Homsupan, Huareau12, and Pong Charian, which had a disease severity score of 5 with 100% DI. Thirty initial plants of PEP6 showed an average disease severity of 3.64 with 69.33% DI, and PEP12 showed an average disease severity of 3.83 with 77.67% DI. From these populations, we selected nine highly resistant plant of PEP6 and seven plants of PEP12 having a disease severity of 0 through pure-line selection for four selfing generations. The ratio of resistance (R) to susceptibility (S) consequently decreased. In PEP6, the ratio decreased from 1R:2S to 1R:1S, while in PEP12 the ratio decreased from 1R:3S to 1R:1S. These lines have potential for release as resistant lines for improving chili pepper resistance to PepYLCTHV and for developing makers associated with the resistant trait.
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    Responses of hot pepper (Capsicum Chinense Jacq.) cultivars to different container sizes for capsaicinoid production under controlled house conditions
    (2018-12-01)
    Jeeatid, N.
    ;
    Techawongstien, S.
    ;
    Suwor, P.
    ;
    Chanthai, S.
    ;
    Bosland, P. W.
    This study was to investigate the effects of container size on capsaicinoid production of hot pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) cultivars under controlled house conditions. This experiment was conducted in the rainy season during the period from May to October 2015 and the dry season from October 2015 to March 2016. A factorial experiment in a randomize complete block design with three replications evaluated growth traits, the capsaicinoid production and its components. Factor A was two hot pepper cultivars, and factor B was three container sizes, i.e., 8 liter (L), 15 L and 21 L. Plant growth, dry fruit yield, capsaicinoid content, and capsaicinoid yield were recorded. The growing season affected all characteristics studied. Hot peppers grown in the rainy season had higher plant growth, dry fruit yield, and capsaicinoid yield than those plants grown in the dry season. Whereas, hot pepper fruits in the dry season contained more capsaicinoid content than those in the rainy season. Capsaicinoid yield of hot pepper depended on cultivars and the container size. Akanee Pirote grown in 21 L container produced the highest dry fruit yield (192 g/plant) and capsaicinoid yield (4,287 mg plant<sup>-1</sup>) in both seasons. These results show that C. chinense F<inf>1</inf> hybrid with high pungency grown in a particular container size should be used to maximize the capsaicinoid production for food and pharmaceutical industries.
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    Evaluation of processing tomato resistance to tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) and detecting Ty-2 and Ty-3 resistance genes with SCAR-markers
    (2024-09-01)
    Earsakul, S.
    ;
    Pornsopin, N.
    ;
    Techawongstien, S.
    ;
    Lapjit, C.
    ;
    Jeeatid, N.
    Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is the major yield losing viral disease in both the vegetative and reproductive stages of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) production worldwide. The objective of this study was to evaluate the tomato for resistance to TYLCV and good agronomic traits. In this experiment, yield and yield components of 25 accessions were evaluated in field conditions and compared with one resistant and one susceptible cultivar during the dry season (October 2021-February 2022). The randomized complete block design with three replications and 10 plants of each was designed. The plant was inoculated with TYLCV by whitefly transmission, and the resistance genes (Ty-2 and Ty-3) were examined using two molecular markers. The result showed that three tomato accessions, i.e., KKU-T23157, KKU-T23160, and KKUT23164 were discovered to share the same resistance gene (Ty-2 and Ty-3) as the resistance check cultivar and showed disease responses ranging from resistance (R) to high resistance (HR). Moreover, all three accessions (KKU-T23157, KKU-T23160, and KKU-T23164) showed high yields and yield components, i.e., yield (3.18, 3.74, and 3.38 kg plant<sup>-1</sup>), fruit weight (137.14, 126.71, and 136.91 g fruit<sup>-1</sup>), firmness (5.00, 5.00, and 0.49 N), and the flesh thickness (8.53, 8.62, and 5.96 mm), respectively. This information will offer a supportive direction for tomato breeders to develop TYLCV-resistant cultivars.
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    Preharvest Chitosan Effects on Growth, Yield and Quality of ‘Super Hot’ and ‘Num Khao’ Chili Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)
    (2022-01-01)
    Kramchote, Somsak
    ;
    Suwor, Patcharaporn
    Two chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars ‘Super Hot’ and ‘Num Khao’ grown under field conditions in Thailand were sprayed with 0 (distilled water, control), 25, 50, 100, and 200 ppm chitosan after one week from transplanting and weekly thereafter for five weeks. Chitosan spray improved vegetative growth of both cultivars as measured by increased canopy size. It also increased the plant height of the ‘Super Hot’ cultivar and reduced leaf curl incidence in the ‘Num Khao’ cultivar. Leaf size and chlorophyll content were not significantly affected. Fruit were harvested from cultivars at the commercial maturity stage; that is, the red-ripe stage for ‘Super Hot’ and light green stage for ‘Num Khao’. From the four harvests at weekly intervals, chitosan treatment increased the ‘Super Hot’ yield because of greater fruit production and increased fruit size and there was a higher number of fruit per plant produced by the ‘Num Khao’ cultivar. Fruit color (L*, a*, b*, and sensory color) was not affected, but overall acceptability increased in response to chitosan spray due to improved size and quality of the ‘Super Hot’ cultivar and improved appearance, size and glossiness of the ‘Num Khao’ cultivar. Chitosan at 50 ppm appeared to be the optimum concentration to induce the above effects in both cultivars.
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    Grafting Compatibility, Scion Growth, and Fusarium Wilt Disease Incidence of Intraspecific Grafted Tomato
    (2022-12-01)
    Saman, Prakob
    ;
    Kawicha, Praphat
    ;
    Sangdee, Aphidech
    ;
    Wongpakdee, Somporn
    ;
    Rattanapolsan, Ladawan
    The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most important vegetables grown globally. However, the production of tomatoes is restricted by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol). This study aims to investigate the ability of Fol-resistant tomato genotypes to be a rootstock for the susceptible cultivar. In this study, a tomato cultivar was grafted on rootstocks of the same species (intraspecific), and grafting compatibility, peroxidase gene expression, and fusarium wilt disease incidence of tomato scion was evaluated. A Fol-susceptible tomato 'Sidathip 3' (SDT3) was grafted onto four different Fol-resistant tomato genotypes and compared with self-grafted cultivar/cultivar and rootstock/rootstock. The survival rate of all grafted plants was 100% at 20 days after grafting (DAG) without significant differences in incompatibility evaluated at 42 days after grafting. The expression of the peroxidase gene (Solyc02g084800.2) using the qPCR technique was compared in self-grafted rootstock LE472/LE472 and SDT3/LE472. The expression level was three times higher in heterografted plants than in self-grafted ones at 15 DAG, indicating graft incompatibility. The rootstocks did not affect the height of the plant, the number of branches, the size of the fruit, or the yield of SDT3 scion. All intraspecific heterografted plants significantly controlled Fol when evaluated 60 days after inoculation. These results showed the usefulness of intraspecific grafting by using the proper rootstock genotypes to increase pathogen resistance in addition to stimulating growth and fruit yield.