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    Entropy generation and thermal performance of tubular heat exchanger fitted with louvered corner-curved V-baffles
    (2023-02-01) ; ; ;
    Skullong, Sompol
    The current article deals with an experimental study on entropy generation analysis and thermohydraulic performance of a uniform heat-flux tube equipped with louvered corner-curved baffle tape (LCBT). Air was drawn into the inserted tube for the Reynolds number (Re) between 4760 and 29,300. The V-shaped LCBT arranged by V-tip in downstream direction was introduced with three baffle pitch ratios (P<inf>R</inf> = 1–2) and six louver angles (θ = 0–90°) for a fixed attack angle (α) of 30° and baffle height ratio (B<inf>R</inf> = 0.25). The impacts of investigated parameters on the thermal enhancement factor (TEF), Nusselt number (Nu), friction factor (f), and total entropy generation (S˙<inf>gen</inf><sup>′</sup>) were examined. The measurements showed that the LCBT with the smallest values of P<inf>R</inf> = 1, θ = 0° give the largest Nu and f at about 4.4 and 19.2 times above the plain tube values, respectively. However, the greatest TEF around 2.23 was seen for employing the LCBT at P<inf>R</inf> = 1, θ = 45°. The entropy analysis also showed that the S˙<inf>gen</inf><sup>′</sup> is found to decline with the increment of P<inf>R</inf> and θ, whereas the minimal S˙<inf>gen</inf><sup>′</sup>is at P<inf>R</inf> = 1, θ = 0° for lower Re but at P<inf>R</inf> = 1, θ = 45° for higher Re. Furthermore, the Nu and f empirical correlations for employing LCBTs were also proposed.
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    Heat transfer augmentation by helically twisted tapes as swirl and turbulence promoters
    (2012-10-01)
    Eiamsa-ard, S.
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    Yongsiri, K.
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    Nanan, K.
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    This paper describes heat transfer enhancement attributed to helically twisted tapes (HTTs). Each helically twisted tape was fabricated by twisting a straight tape to form a typical twisted tape then bending the twisted tape into a helical shape. The experiments were performed using HTTs with three twist ratios (y/. W) of 2, 2.5 and 3, three helical pitch ratios (p/. D) of 1, 1.5 and 2 for Reynolds number between 6000 and 20,000. The conventional helical tape (CHT) was also tested for comparison. The obtained results reveal that at similar conditions (y/. W and . p/. D), HTTs give lower Nusselt number and friction but higher thermal performance factor than CHTs. Heat transfer rate and friction factor increase as the tape twist ratio and helical pitch ratio decrease, while the thermal performance shows opposite trend. In the present range, the highest thermal performance factor of 1.29 is achieved by utilizing the tape with the largest twist ratio (y/. W=3) and helical pitch ratio (p/. D=2) at Reynolds number of 6000. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.
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    Thermal performance of heat exchanger tube inserted with curved-winglet tapes
    The paper deals with the effect of curved-winglet (CW) inserts on thermal and flow behaviors in a constant heat-fluxed tube. A straight tape is used to support the 45° CWs mounted repeatedly on both tape sides to generate two pairs of longitudinal counter-rotating vortices along the test tube in order to assist the chaotic flow mixing and to disrupt the boundary layer leading to faster rate of heat transfer. The airflow and heat transfer behaviors in the tube are examined for Reynolds number (Re) in the range of 4150–25,400. The curved-winglet tape (CWT) parameters involved are the winglet attack angle of 45° three relative winglet heights (b/D = B<inf>R</inf> = 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3) and winglet pitches, (P/D = P<inf>R</inf> = 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0). The investigation reveals that the maximum thermal enhancement factor (TEF) of the CWT is about 1.62 at B<inf>R</inf> = 0.1 and P<inf>R</inf> = 1.0. For further improvement, the CWT at B<inf>R</inf> = 0.1 and P<inf>R</inf> = 1.0 is modified by punching the CW to be the perforated-curved-winglet tape (P-CWT) to reduce the pressure loss. The P-CWT characteristics include five different punched hole diameters (d = 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 mm). The experimental results show that TEF of all the P-CWTs is higher than that of the CWT and the maximum TEF of 1.76 higher than the CWT around 9% is found for d = 1.5 mm. To understand the flow pattern and heat transfer mechanism, a three-dimensional CFD investigation is also performed and for validation, the good agreement between numerical and experimental results is found. For experimental data, empirical correlations for Nu, f and TEF for the CWT and P-CWT inserts are also determined.
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    Enhanced thermal effectiveness of square duct with V-type double-baffles: Numerical study
    (2024-09-01) ;
    Sripattanapipat, Somchai
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    ;
    Skullong, Sompol
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    Promthaisong, Pitak
    The article puts forward three-dimensional computational research on heat transmission augmentation within a square channel containing 45<sup>o</sup> V-type double-baffles positioned on the lower and top parts at regular intervals in the turbulence zone for Reynolds numbers (Re) that vary from 3000 to 20,000. The primary goal of this research is to increase the thermal effectiveness and relative Nusselt number (Nu/Nu<inf>0</inf>), in order to conserve energy and reduce the size of the heating or cooling system. The simulations utilize a finite volume approach in common with the SIMPLE algorithm, whereas the turbulent model used is the realizable k–ε. The baffles are designed to be separated vertically for reducing pressure loss. Both single V-baffles and double V-baffles have four relative pitches (PR = 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, and 1.0) and height/blockage ratios (BR = 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2), with a fixed attack angle (α) of 45<sup>o</sup>. The computational findings show that both V-baffles are capable of producing the primary vortices, but only the double V-baffles have the ability to provide the impinging streams onto the wall, cooling the region behind the baffles. This suggests that the double V-baffles not only boost heat transmission but also reduce frictional loss. When compared to a single V-baffle, the double ones enhance heat transfer by an average of 1.04–9.94% while decreasing frictional loss by an average of 9.88–31.73%. The thermal effectiveness factor (TEF) of the double V-baffles ranges from 1.03 to 3.21, and its peak value of around 3.21 is for PR = 0.4, BR = 0.05, at lower Re.
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    Heat transfer and turbulent flow friction in a round tube with staggered-winglet perforated-tapes
    (2016-04-01)
    Skullong, Sompol
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    ; ;
    The article deals with thermal and flow resistance characteristics in a tubular heat exchanger fitted with staggered-winglet perforated tapes (WPT). The experiment was conducted in the test tube having a constant wall heat-flux for turbulent airflow, Reynolds number (Re) from 4180 to 26,000. The aim of using the WPT is to generate longitudinal vortex flows to disrupt thermal boundary layer on the tube wall and to provide stronger fluid mixing. The WPT having an winglet inclination angle of 30° was inserted into the test tube at five different winglet blockage ratios (B <inf>R</inf> = 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25 and 0.3) and three winglet pitch ratios (P <inf>R</inf> = 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5). To find an optimum thermal performance condition, the effect of B <inf>R</inf> and P <inf>R</inf> on the heat transfer and pressure loss due to flow friction in the tube is examined. The experimental results reveal that Nusselt number (Nu) and friction factor (f) for the WPT increase with the increment of B <inf>R</inf> but the reduction of P <inf>R</inf> . The highest thermal enhancement factor (TEF) of 1.71 is achieved by utilizing the WPT with B <inf>R</inf> = 0.15, P <inf>R</inf> = 1.0 at Re = 4180. Compared to staggered-winglet typical non-perforated tape (WTT), the WPT yields the TEF of about 1.2 times higher than the WTT. Correlations of Nu, f and TEF for the WPT and the WTT are also proposed.
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    Experimental and numerical heat transfer investigation in a tubular heat exchanger with delta-wing tape inserts
    (2016-11-01)
    Skullong, Sompol
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    ; ;
    Effects of insertion of a straight tape with double-sided delta wing pairs (called “delta-wing tape”, DWT) used as a longitudinal vortex generator (LVG) on forced convective heat transfer and flow friction characteristics in a uniform heat-flux heat exchanger tube are investigated experimentally and numerically in the present work. The experiment is conducted for turbulent airflow with the Reynolds number (Re) from 4200 to 25,500. The delta wings are in a forward-wing arrangement with three wing inclination angles (α = 30°, 45° and 60°) and with five ratios of wing-pitch to tube-diameter (P/D = PR = 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5). Influences of the DWT insert on heat transfer in terms of Nusselt number (Nu) and pressure drop in the form of friction factor (f) are examined. The results indicate that the DWT provides the increases in Nu and f up to 505% and 69 times above the plain tube, respectively and the maximum thermal enhancement factor (TEF) is at 1.49. The 60° DWT with PR = 0.5 yields the highest Nu and f but the 30° one with PR = 1.0 gives the best TEF. To understand the flow structure and heat transfer mechanism, a three dimensional CFD simulation of the inserted tube is also performed. The simulated results are validated and are in good agreement with the current measurements. A simulated heat transfer and fluid flow structure is also reported.
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    Effect of perforated twisted-tapes with parallel wings on heat transfer enhancement in a heat exchanger tube
    (2012-01-01) ;
    Eiamsa-Ard, P.
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    ;
    Eiamsa-Ard, S.
    This article reports an experimental investigation on heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of turbulent flow in a heating tube equipped with perforated twisted tapes with parallel wings (PTT) for Reynolds number between 5500 and 20500. The design of PTT involves the following concepts: (1) wings induce an extra turbulence near tube wall and thus efficiently disrupt a thermal boundary layer (2) holes existing along a core tube, diminish pressure loss within the tube. The parameters investigated were the hole diameter ratio (d/W = 0.11, 0.33 and 0.55) and wing depth ratio (w/W = 0.11, 0.22 and 0.33). A typical twisted tape was also tested for an assessment. Compared to the plain tube, the tubes with PTT and TT yielded heat transfer enhancement up to 208% and 190%, respectively. The evaluation of overall performance under the same pumping power reveal that the PTT with d/W = 0.11 and w/W = 0.33, gave the maximum thermal performance factor of 1.32, at Reynolds number of 5500. Empirical correlations of the heat transfer, friction factor and thermal performance for tubes with PTTs were also developed. In addition, the swirling/axial flow patterns of tube with PTT were visualized using dye injection technique. © 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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    Thermal performance evaluation of heat exchangers fitted with twisted-ring turbulators
    (2012-07-01) ;
    Yongsiri, K.
    ;
    Nanan, K.
    ;
    Eiamsa-ard, S.
    Heat transfer, friction factor and thermal performance characteristics in a tube equipped with twisted-rings (TRs) are experimentally investigated. The experiments were conducted using TRs with three different width ratios (W/D. =. 0.05, 0.1 and 0.15) and three pitch ratios of (p/D. =. 1, 1.5 and 2) for Reynolds numbers ranging from 6000 to 20,000 using air as a test fluid. The typical circular rings (CRs) were also tested for an assessment. The experimental results reveal that most TRs yield lower Nusselt numbers and friction factor than CRs, except at the largest width ratio (W/D. =. 0.15) and the smallest pitch ratio (p/D. =. 1.0). In addition, Nusselt number and friction factor increase as width ratio increases and pitch ratio decreases. However, a maximum thermal performance factor is associated by TRs with the smallest width ratio and pitch ratio. The empirical correlations of the heat transfer (Nu) and friction factor (f) are also included in this paper. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.
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    Thermal behaviors in a round tube equipped with quadruple perforated-delta-winglet pairs
    (2017-01-01)
    Skullong, Sompol
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    ; ;
    The article deals with an experimental investigation of enhancing convective heat transfer in a heated circular tube with pairs of perforated-delta-winglets placed repeatedly on a perforated-cross-tape (PW-XT). The perforated-delta-winglets are placed in inline array and a triangular-hole is punched on each winglet to reduce the friction loss. The aim at using the PW-XT insert is to produce streamwise-vortex flows in the tube to reduce the thickness of thermal boundary layer and to increase fluid mixing of the flow. The involved winglet parameters are composed of relative winglet height or blockage ratio, (B<inf>R</inf> = b/D = 0.1, 0.15, 0.2 and 0.25) and relative winglet pitch or pitch ratio, (P<inf>R</inf> = P/D = 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0) and those are performed at a single delta-winglet inclination/attack angle, α = 30° and a winglet porosity ratio, A<inf>p</inf>/A<inf>w</inf> = 0.359 for Reynolds number from 4180 to 26,000. The present results of heat transfer and pressure loss displayed in terms of respective Nusselt number (Nu) and friction factor (f) show that Nu increases with increasing B<inf>R</inf>but with decreasing P<inf>R</inf>. Nu for the PW-XT insert is in a range of 1.96–5.06 times while f increases around 2.06–35.68 times above the plain tube alone. To estimate the real merits of the PW-XT, the thermal enhancement factor (TEF) is evaluated and found to be a maximum around 1.902 at B<inf>R</inf> = 0.15, P<inf>R</inf> = 1.0. In comparison, the PW-XT gives considerably higher TEF than the typical four delta-winglet pairs placed on the cross-tape (TW-XT) having the highest TEF around 1.72.
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    Effect of louvered curved-baffles on thermohydraulic performance in heat exchanger tube
    (2023-02-01) ; ; ;
    Promthaisong, Pitak
    ;
    Skullong, Sompol
    The paper presents an experimental study of convection enhancement in a tube heat exchanger using louvered curved-baffle (LCB) vortex generator (VG). The heat transfer and pressure loss of air as a working fluid, flowing in an isothermal-fluxed tube were measured having Reynolds numbers (Re) between 4760 and 29,300. The LCB elements were arrayed on two tape sides in a V-shape with a 30° attack angle. At a fixed baffle height, the LCB had three axial pitch ratios (PR) from 0.5 to 1.5 and six louver angles (θ) from 0° to 90°. Thermal enhancement factor (TEF), Nusselt number (Nu), and friction factor (f) are often utilized to analyze the effect of VG geometrical variables on thermohydraulic performance. The measured results demonstrated that the LCB-inserted tube has a significantly larger Nu and f than a plain tube functioning alone, and that the Nu and f tend to rise when PR and θ decline. Using the LCB increases Nu and f by approximately 2.59-4.66 and 3.8-39.37 times, respectively. The maximal TEF is achieved for the LCB at PR = 1, θ = 45° and lower Re. Empirical correlations for Nu and f were evaluated and found to fit measured data well, with discrepancies by ± 9% and ±10%, respectively.